Model Coordination Strategies for Large-Scale Water Treatment Plant Projects

RAGHAVENDRA BHAT: Model Coordination Strategies for Large-Scale Water Treatment Plant Projects. We'll start with a quick introduction. Hi, everyone.

I'm Raghavendra Bhat. I'm the senior BIM implementation specialist at Phoenix in Stantec. And I'm a civil engineer.

I have experience with infrastructure, buildings, transportation. And I've been a speaker for a couple of years previously as well. And it's a pleasure today speaking with Joseph.

JOSEPH HUANG: Hello, everyone. My name is Joseph Huang. I am BIM and innovation leader based in our Stantec Chicago office. I'm a licensed architect, registered in Illinois and Texas, with experience from buildings to wet infrastructure.

I used to teach XR at a university. So, today, I only share some slides and focus on my expertise related with virtual and augmented reality. Last but not least, I had a pleasure to present with Raghu at AU many times.

And this year is very excited. And we learn a lot during the preparation process. Thank you.

RAGHAVENDRA BHAT: Thanks, Joseph. I should say this, last year at AU 2023, we focused on the importance of model validation strategies. And, this year, we decided to shift our focus on another critical aspect, which is model coordination strategies for a large-scale water treatment plant.

Effective model coordination is essential for ensuring that our models work seamlessly together and enhance overall project performance and efficiency. Before we dive into the details, let's line up today's agenda items. Today we'll explore simple, efficient techniques, and workflows for model integration. You'll learn simple strategies for implementing ACC tools using tools like ACC viewer, issue creation, and report distribution.

We'll also discuss some often underutilized ACC issue management practices that can significantly enhance your workflow. Additionally, at the end, Joseph is going to demonstrate some exciting model coordination practices using AR and VR.

Let's begin with, why model coordination? Model coordination is the process of identifying, managing, and resolving conflicts and inconsistencies among different models to ensure that the project meets the design intent, quality standards, and functional requirements. Having a model coordination strategy is crucial in water and wastewater treatment plants due to the complexity, the scale of the facilities, and the stakeholders involved.

What makes it challenging? First and foremost is the data interoperability. Different disciplines use different softwares with different data formats to create and share their models, such as Revit, Civil 3D, AutoCAD, Plant 3D, and each of them have a different file format. This creates data silos and compatibility issues that hampered the exchange and integration of information across the project lifecycle.

Second is the model complexity. Water treatment plant projects involve multiple systems, such as piping, pumps, equipments, valves, electrical fixtures. And these systems and components have really complex geometries and spatial requirements. And they are completely dependent on suppliers. That makes the model quite large and complex, also posing a challenge for visualization, analysis and validation.

Third is the coordination workflow. In a water treatment plant project, it involves a lot of multiple steps and participants such as model creation, aggregation, clash detection, issue resolution, generating reports, and also verification. A lot of workflows have to be established to make this all to work together. The workflow requires efficient communication and collaboration among the project team members, as well as clear roles and responsibilities, standards, and protocols also defined.

Let's take a look at the benefits. There are some downstream benefits of adopting a good model coordination strategy. One is the design optimization. Model coordination enables the project team to identify and resolve errors and conflicts at an early stage before they cause any delays, rework, or cost overturns. This also allows for better decision-making and optimization.

Second is the construction readiness. A good model coordination strategy facilitates the transition from design to construction by ensuring that the models are constructible, compliant, and also coordinated. This reduces the risk of change orders, disputes, and claims and enhances the construction, productivity, safety, and quality.

Third is asset management. A well-coordinated model ultimately supports the asset management of water treatment plants by providing a comprehensive and consistent digital representation of the facility and its systems. This also enables the owners to operators to access, update, and maintain the asset's information throughout the operation and maintenance phase, and also to leverage this data to perform analysis optimisation and for the facility improvements.

By the way, I should also mention that these images, I couldn't use project images here. So I used Adobe Firefly to generate AI-generated images by putting in some keywords. I just wanted to mention that here.

Next is a checklist. It plays a very crucial role. For every large-scale project that I have worked on, I ensure that there is a BIM execution plan. This is a common data environment agreed. And so [INAUDIBLE] level of development table that is set up.

This is a model breakdown strategy, and the list goes on. This list also focuses on information like have we received the latest model updates? What is the frequency at which we are receiving these? Are the models aligned?

Are the proper coordinates system defined in these? Also, is there a validation of model data against the project requirements? Is there some check process set up for these? So all these have to be defined to have in your model coordination strategy.

For better model coordination, it is also essential that our team is working on the single source of truth where you can have access to defined data and you can have access to contribute data. And you can also establish workflows for data validation or verification. For standardization and effective model coordination, let's say, project model management, we see that it's essential to adopt a global framework such as ISO 19650.

This ensures that all of our model's data is organized, accessible, and up to date. It also helps ensure that the right access is provided for roles, companies, and also for projects involved with model coordination. What you see on the left-hand side is a folder structure that we use on water projects. We have specific folders defined where the information needs to be hosted so that there is access for the model coordination.

Also we have access rights defined by company so that each and every individual within a specific organization working on this particular project has the right access when it comes to model coordination. A Revit model breakdown strategy involves dividing the model into manageable sections to enhance the model coordination. This can include separating the models by discipline, that is, architecture, structure, MEP, or by using work sets.

And this approach helps in maintaining the model's performance, simplifying coordination, and also ensures that the team members can work simultaneously without any conflicts. More the number of models, it can be a pain for the BIM manager. What I usually end up doing is creating a federated model that has all the discipline models linked in.

What you see on the screen is just an example for a small-scale project where you can see the structural architectural process mechanical, all referenced into one single federated model. The second way you can see we have master area models, area A, area B, area C, where all the discipline models are referenced as an attachment and the area A master federated model is referenced into the main federated model. In that way, you see all the models linked and coordinated together.

We also have workflows or projects with all the discipline models are directly referenced into a federated model. That also works. But we have to also look at why we need to do this. There are advantages to have a master federated model set up in Revit.

One, there is no user dependencies. You completely eliminate the user dependency. You are the whole and sole responsible for that federated model. So no one would be changing the view settings randomly. You have access to set up views for export for Civil 3D exports, for Navisworks, also to create views for publishing to model coordination modules. And, also, this becomes the centralized location for defining the coordinates and also deploying the coordinates.

By integrating these various different discipline-specific models, a federated model provides a complete view of the project, facilitating better coordination, communication, and decision-making throughout the project life cycle. And they can be different types of federated models. If you are using Revit-- if your disciplines are using Revit, then you can have a master model created in Revit.

But many times they are stakeholders who use different file formats or different applications to produce the outputs. In such scenarios, you may have to use Navisworks, and that would be your master federated model. We also use InfraWorks and the conceptual design phase where we use it for space planning. And this can be kind of initial federated model concept level.

And then we also want to talk about in the end a little bit about Tandem. Everyone knows that Tandem is used for creating a digital twin, but I think there is also a way we can use Tandem to represent it as your master federated model for the project. Once you have your strategy for defining these, it is also important to have a strategy to make sure it is accessible to the team. How do you make sure that they can access it and use it?

First and foremost, it is very easy to use and supports multiple file formats like RVT, DWG, NWC, [INAUDIBLE], and SAT files, DGN files. So all of these are easily accessible and viewable on the ACC viewer. We have our engineers who have been trained to use Navisworks from the beginning. They can use Freedom, Simulate, Manage to look at these models.

Or you also can utilize tools like Tandem and Bentley Infrastructure Cloud Digital Twin to access these models and view these models. And there could be other tools as well. We just wanted to focus on a couple today.

Let's start with the model preparation. There are four main key areas that are required when you prepare the model for coordination. One is defining the coordinates.

Civil 3D has a coordinate system. Revit has a coordinate system. InfraWorks has a coordinate system.

It's important that, when you are defining these models for a specific project, you use a consistent or the same coordinate system throughout. In that way, you don't have to end up manually mowing or having to align the models at a later date. If you use the same coordinate system, it can align and work seamlessly.

Second is defining the views within the master federated model. I would usually define the 2D views that are required for Civil 3D exports or even 3D [INAUDIBLE] exports for Civil for tying connections to the art piping or Navisworks NWC exports or views created for model coordination module. I'd have all these defined in my master federated model.

It looks like it is going to take a while to create this at the beginning, but, trust me, at the end, it's going to be really a time-saver because you just have to get to those views and export it out as and when required. Thought is defining your published views. I would usually have one master view which has all the discipline models referenced in that view, also published from the master federated model Revit and also have clash views which are required for model coordination module setup in the federated model. So that, every time I publish the federated model, these views also automatically get updated and the clashes also gets updated.

Four and the most important, you need to try to automate it. Automating the 2D and 3D DWG files as well as NWC files from Revit model can significantly enhance the efficiency and accuracy in your workflow. Tools like [INAUDIBLE] automate, RTD exporter, and clarity combined with Windows Task Scheduler allow you to schedule and execute these exports without manual intervention.

This automation not only saves time but also ensures that your project data is always current and ready for coordination and collaboration. What you see on the screen is some of the tasks from my Task Scheduler, where I have it scheduled to run every day at 5:30. So you can access and you can also force deploy any of these tasks at any interval of time. You can change the timings at the frequency that you need.

Let's take a quick look at how we can automate publishing master Navisworks model. It's a challenge, having the master federated model keeping it up-to-date every time. I usually use the batch utility to automate this workflow.

It's a built-in function within Navisworks. So you can see there's a batch utility function that allows you to import the NWF file have an NWF file that has all the links to the DWG files or the NWC exports that are required to be shown in the federated model. And then a file part, an output directory where I want to host these NWD files. Usually, it would be on ACC, so I would have the file path and schedule it so that it keeps on overriding in the same location.

You can see here the file has 74 versions of the same the NWT file has overridden 74 times as and when this task scheduler runs. And I can also get back into the history and find a specific version I want to use. Or if I want to download and restore it, I could do that as well. And you can see here, this is a task schedule where I can force run any specific task at any point of time.

Let's now turn our attention towards the model coordination workflows. It is crucial to have a strategy for selecting the right workflow for your coordination spaces. Depending on the setup of the ACC project, there are different ways to configure your coordination spaces.

If you are using design coordination module, you can set your shade [INAUDIBLE]. You can set your shade folder to capture the coordination views for class detection. For large-scale water projects or for small-scale water projects, we can go in either ways. You can either have clash views defined in your master federated model or you can have views that only pull in the NWC and the DWG exports.

So, depending on the size of the project, you can choose your coordination workspace. Let's focus a little bit more on the workflow where the views are getting imported from the master federated model. What I would usually do is have the views set up here by clash by category. So, traditionally, when you're using Navisworks, you would have clash views created based on a specific element category, say, structural columns versus pipes.

You would have those search sets created, and you would clash that analysis works. So now, when you are using model coordination module, if you want to do the same or you can have these views, or you can see all these views that are set up, and they have rules, visibility graphics set up to only show specific elements. And then, when you publish these views to ACC, you can use those views to look at the heat map, a nice heat map that shows where the majority of the clashes are.

You can also choose to create clashes by discipline. So you can see how views for the entire project, all the architectural objects in one specific view hatchback in one specific process, mechanical and structural and specific views. And, when I publish these views, I can group them on ACC model coordination and look at the overall clashes in the project.

Sometimes on a larger project, we would want specific area clashes to be seen instead of the overall clashes in the project. We want to concentrate on specific areas or specific-- you can ask a specific area engineer to look at a specific set of clashes. So you can also do that by saying, I want to have views created for every area model, like area 610 process, mechanical model, area 610 structural model. So you can have views defined for that and create view sets within the model coordination to look at clashes by area as well.

So, earlier, when we were using BIM 360, we had all our engineers teams trained to use markup functionality within the BIM 360 viewer, which is a really great tool. Unfortunately, when we moved over to ACC viewer, it looks like Autodesk just decided to take out the markups from the 3D viewer. You can still do markups in the 2D views, but, in the 3D view, you will see that there is no markup tool or functionality that's available on the left-hand side.

We were kind of disappointed but, later on, did realize that the markup function is not totally gone away. It has actually gone into the issue markup functionality. So if you want to create a markup, all you need to do is create an issue. So you can see here I've created a issue at point number C here. And, when I do that, it captures the thumbnail view of whatever is shown on the screen.

And there is a small blue-colored highlighter on the left, bottom-left corner, which you can click and enable with the markup functionality. So now you can use these markup tools to create your markups on this specific view. I kind of started liking this functionality because, now, you're not just able to do the markups but also be able to assign it to a specific user. So, unlike previously, we used to have a lot of markups, and then we had to coordinate, asking users to get these markups fixed, and then you have to archive them. But now you can manage everything from within the issues itself.

I understand many of us might be using the issues on ACC. Everyone might be or even have heard of creating issues on ACC. We do not want to focus on the entire aspect of it. But we wanted to bring up some of the underutilized tools within issues on ACC.

One is the bulk issue creation. So we had a team who were collecting information in Excel spreadsheets, and they had a lot of issues created that were populated in an Excel spreadsheet. Did you know that you can bulk import issues from an Excel spreadsheet to ACC? But, for that, you will also have to do a little-- strategize it by creating an Excel template with specific attributes that you want to fill in. So if you do that and have it upfront in the project, then your teams can use to populate that information in Excel spreadsheet and then push it to ACC as well.

I also like to use creating issue templates. It is very handy. So when I'm doing the clash detection and assigning it to specific disciplines or have a specific list of clash authoring metrics defined and create a issue template based on that. Standardize it for every project.

So, whenever someone is assigning a specific clash for a certain discipline, the same template is used. So the information, the titles, et cetera, all very standardized and prefilled in and saves a lot of time. Then the third is custom fields. ACC comes up comes with a lot of custom fields already, but you can also add additional custom fields.

If you want to add a custom field for prioritizing a certain clash, high, medium, low, you can do that. Or you can also add, for type, whether it's a markup, whether it's a design change. If you want to filter it later on based on these conditions, you can add additional fields as well.

Now let's take a look at some of the strategy that is used by the Navisworks users. How do they work with the model coordination module. With the release of 2025 Navisworks, you can see that we can access the issues directly within Navisworks. On the left-hand side, you just have to go into coordination. Ensure you are signed in.

You select the specific account where the project is, the project, and the coordination space. And you can see all the views that are set up on ACC. And you can actually click on these and then do specific view models will open in Navisworks.

So it's very easy for the Navisworks users to access this as well. And, also, not just the views, but you also can access the models. So if a certain discipline wants to open a specific model, they could do that as well.

And something which I really like here is accessing the issues from within Navisworks. You don't have to jump between different applications or the web pages. You just have to go into the issues here. I can see all the issues related to a project, even without having to open the model.

I can select a specific issue, and I can see the clash or the image on the right-hand side and all the details, whom it's assigned to. I can change the status, update it. If I need to look at it, I can click. And it will load the view with that specific clash.

Also, we need to have a strategy for our Revit users. And, again, I would say this is sometimes a very underutilized tool. There is this issue add-ons for Revit, which you can use to have a coordination strategy established between your designer and the engineer who is designing the structure or facility.

So the engineer who is looking at it in the ACC viewer, if he marks it up or adds or creates issues, the designer or the Revit modeler can access these straight from the Revit model. So you can see there are these highlights, dots where you can see there are specific issues that you can look at. And he can also provide a resolution.

You can fix it and say whether it's been fixed. Or if he has a cushion, he can have that communication established. It kind of helps saving time because having to do a markups on PDFs, circulating it, and documenting it all comes into one single place where you are directly doing it on ACC, and you're able to access those issues from within Revit as well.

I would also like to highlight the report generation functionality. Obviously, all of you might have seen report extraction function within ACC, but did you know that you can also automate the report generation at certain period of time during the day or once in a week or every day or just before the meeting? This function comes in from the insight module. So if you go to the insight module, there should be a report function, which allows users to choose from a specific set of templates that you may have within your organization.

Or you can also create new ones and have a specific set of conditions saying, I want to look at clashes or coordination issues that were created in the last one week. And you can create a scheduled report that would run just before your meeting starts, like maybe one hour before the meeting starts. You have the report ready.

Not just that, you can also set it to distribute it to your team just before the meeting. So it's taking out a lot of work from you. You don't have to micromanage all these from on different projects.

You just have to set it up once. And the report will automatically generate and distribute to the team just before the meetings. I really like this functionality.

Let's divert a little bit from here. And let's look at some of the AR and VR functions for model coordination that Joseph is going to talk about. Joseph.

JOSEPH HUANG: OK, so I'm going to use the following slides to show the potential usage of using virtual reality, augmented reality for model coordination. The first one is called Prospect. Autodesk acquired [INAUDIBLE] and IrisVR back to the year 2022. So, technically, this is Autodesk product. It's called Prospect.

We like it because it's lightweight and very stable. The nice thing is we can optimize the hybrid usage. So, as you can see, the video on the left-hand side is the desktop version of Prospect. And I'm using the VR, so I'm casting and recording. So on the right-hand side is what I can see in the VR, wearing the VR headset, Google Quest-- the Quest-- Meta Quest, sorry.

So, as you can see, I'm coming up to the water treatment plant platform with a human-scale and immersive experience. [INAUDIBLE] Google can use the desktop and the scoring bar dragging up and down and using the inspect elements feature to check the properties of the elements, the design. And this one is fully support Revit and Navisworks, including the link models, Revit link models.

We also use a Revit-- so the Navisworks integration because we can save all the viewpoints. So, say, when we run the clash detection in Navisworks, we exporting out all the saved viewpoints. So we can review all the clash items in VR with more detailed and immersive experience to check the design.

Besides that, we also can do the measurements. We take pictures, we do the issue checking-- I mean create issues. And we can check after that. Next slide, please, [INAUDIBLE].

So this one is the latest XR solution from Autodesk. It's called Workshop XR. At Stantec, we have a focus group and started use Workshop XR on our projects. So we have a biweekly meeting with Autodesk and providing a feedbacks.

And the software is very new. I think it's announced last year's AU. And, so far, it continue improving and have more and more new features. The best thing is like is ACC integrated.

So we can have a more permission control. We can collaborate with all the project team members. We also can create issues. And we can do a synchronize. So, once we identify the problems while using the VR, and we synchronize. So next time we can review that one, either from the Revit, from ACC, or from the VR mode. Next slide, please.

So this one is-- it's not Autodesk product, but it's very interesting because, before we use Autodesk products, we actually use Fuzor. Fuzor is a good VR application. Very strong in 4D construction sequencing simulation, and it's bidirectional. So it's like a real-time change between Fuzor and Revit.

We use a feature called real-time peer-to-peer collaboration. We can create some communication via chat windows. We can provide core markers. And I think, in my opinion, the coolest thing is the avatar. This is the only VR application that avatar have legs.

So it's important because sometimes when we walk on the water treatment plant, the space is very tight. We need to simulate the operator like doing-- when the facility manager doing operation and maintenance, we need to simulate the experience. So we can use avatar to walk, to jump, even crunch or run. Yeah, so it's important to show the avatar with legs. Next slide, please.

Now let's move to augmented reality. Augmented reality definitely augments our vision with more information by feeding us images or information that doesn't exist in the real world. For example, the video on the right-hand side-- sorry, on the left-hand side, [INAUDIBLE] actually holding a piece of paper. And I'm using an iPad tablet.

So what I can see is Raghu is holding a digital model. That's a cross-section of 3D like a water treatment plant. And this is very cool and impressive. We present this from time to time during our slide presentation.

So the video on the upper-right is a different product. It's called Autodesk InfraWorks. So we use Autodesk InfraWorks for some large-scale infrastructure or transportation project. And we figured out the workflow is like, from InfraWorks, we can export in [INAUDIBLE].

Then we bring to Adobe aerial. And, as you can see, the augmented reality model, AR model is sitting on my desk. And you can see, and you can scale up. You can bring this one to the jobsite to see if the gate design is good with the human scale and daylighting and check the material.

The image on the lower-right side is called Revizto. So Revizto is getting popular. And, recently, they got a new AR feature. So we can bring this one to the jobsite and superimpose the design model on top of the real world.

And one of the tricky part and the most challenging thing about AI is the GPS, is the real geolocated. So the good AR application with the GPS position enabled, with the camera enabled so we can see the digital model superimposed in our real world. And this is important about model coordination between the design and construction. Next slide, please.

So this is a last one about a VR/AR. And we call this one MR, mixed reality. So mixed reality is emerging technology that brings the virtual reality and augmented reality together.

Immerse your real and virtual worlds to produce the new environments where the physical and digital objects coexist and interact in a real time. As you can see, we use the Microsoft HoloLens and the Unity. And, in the job-site, we were allowed one. And you can see we can see the operation manual.

And this one is called digital rehearsal. So that means, we can practice with people who is visiting the jobsite. And, as you can see, the valve we can spin, and we can see a specs. We can embed it, the joints, a lot of data.

Actually, this is just like a digital twin. We feed a lot of information where it doesn't exist in the real world. And we wear the HoloLens, and we can review that one and superimpose and the video running again. So we can see again.

So you see a digital model on top of the real world. And we use the finger gesture. We use a voice command.

And another thing I want to mention is you see people wear the HoloLens to the construction site because it's using the holograms. That's the unique glasses is using the optical see through. And provision for Meta Quest Pro is using a [INAUDIBLE]. So video pass through means that if you run out of the power or no Wi-Fi, then it blocks your region.

But optical see through, no matter what, you can see the objects in front. So that's why in the construction field, people using the HoloLens more often. And we use HoloLens combined with Unity.

So we can bring the Revit model with some customization inside of Unity, create a reactor. So I will go back to Raghu. And that's my end of the AR/VR/MR.

RAGHAVENDRA BHAT: Five, four, three, two, one. Thank you, Joseph. Let's also look at one last AI model coordination function, which we kind of explored. It's kind of a proof of concept or mock-ups for evidence-based design decisions.

So, back in 2021, we had established this proof of concept of using the lidar-capturing function from an iPhone and then validate the tie-ins with the existing assets. Say, for example, if you have an asset that is delivered to the site and if your model is an LOD-200, the time connections might not be matched. So you can do a quick scan using your iPhone, using some of the lidar scan tools and then overlap those scan data onto the model and either update the model to match the time connections. Or you can also use the model itself to geolocate or move and place and see if it fits in the right spot.

So this is kind of A proof of concept, but still valid and can be used as a AR for the model coordination. Let's now shift our focus from AR/VR and talk a little bit about how we can use Tandem as an alternative for a federated master model. What is the most important or challenging thing when maintaining a master federated model on a large treatment plant?

I would say it's the frequency of updates. If you cannot expect that the model has or shows the changes instantly, they must be a frequency, whether it's maybe every eight hours, once in a day, or once in a week. So that frequency has to be agreed upon.

The better the frequency, the better your teams are coordinated on the changes that are happening in the model. Tandem can be used. It's a digital twin. Definitely, it's a tool for creating a digital twin.

But I think the functions within Tandem are really useful for creating a federated model as well. Tandem supports different file formats, which can be directly appended from ACC, which is really great because it's a live-- you're appending it. It remembers the file path. So you can append RVT files, IFC files, DWGs, NWD, NWC files directly from your ACC project.

Now, if there is a change in the version or if the version changes whenever you publish your Revit model, the version changes, so you have an option to update-- there's an update option you can see on the left-hand side where the number 2 is. You can click on Update, and it will show you which new version you can import into your Tandem model. So updating your federated model becomes really easy.

You don't have to do any exports. You just have to have your models published at regular intervals. And then you can always click on Update to see those changes back to your Tandem model.

A good model coordination strategy should also include data validation workflows because that is really essential. And this can be achieved by creating dashboards. Tandem has a nice function where you can actually say how many of your assets have the information filled in.

If you have the right mapping and everything established, you can have a nice dashboard created for it. So this should also be useful for the team to take actionable items. So if the data is not correctly filled in, they need to know. If not, when you are creating your search sets for clashes, the right set of equipments are not picked up for it.

Right now you can also use ACC data connectors and Power BI dashboards like you can see on the screen, the videos that are running. You can use this Power BI data connectors to create your dashboards for different consistency or validation checks to ensure that your model is all well-coordinated with the information that is getting fed. It is also easy for engineers to look at this because they don't have to go in different locations, open the model, everything in one place. You have color codes.

Everything [INAUDIBLE]. If it's highlighted in red, that means that this needs action. So they can take actionable items and go and fix it. And the next time they come back to the dashboard, they will see those updates.

Lastly, we wanted to list some of the tools that can help integrate machine learning and AI for model coordination and quality control that can significantly enhance the efficiency and accuracy of construction projects such as in a water treatment plant. Autodesk Construction Cloud ACC's model coordination can automatically detect clashes and manage issues, streamlining the coordination process. Construction IQ is a built-in machine learning and AI function that leverages data across the entire Autodesk Construction Cloud platform, whether it's construction documents or whether it's issues, checklists related to metadata and historical data and analyzes it to identify the potential risks.

Cintoo and Verity. Verity is ClearEdge3D. Can be used to compare as-built conditions with the design model. They can analyze overlapping scan data or the digital assets model and classify various objects and equipments that are missing or misaligned.

This enables precise quality and control of verification against the design specification. Tandem, on the other hand, has evolved over the years. And it seems like it's a really good built-in functionality to use these asset data records by sensors and help with predictive maintenance, data analysis, automated monitoring, and risk management. By incorporating these tools that use advanced algorithms and machine learning, our project teams are improving the model coordination and also reduce costly errors and enhance the overall quality of our projects.

In conclusion, there can be various model coordination strategies established, and it can vary from project to project. But it is essential that to have it outlined and reduce the risk of costly errors and rework during construction. Hope these workflows have helped trigger some ideas that you can take away. And do write to us if they helped you in any manner, and we would like to know if it helped. Thank you.