Carbon Is the Culprit: Uncovering Manufacturing Sustainability Insights

Hi, everyone, and welcome to this AU presentation. Today we're going to be looking at Carbon is the Culprit, and we're going to be Uncovering Manufacturing Sustainability Insights. Before we get started, I'm just going to go through the safe harbor statement. This is just to show that take everything that we say today with a pinch of salt. We can't confirm or deny the things that we show today, so just a legal document that we have to show before every presentation. And you'll see plenty of these during your AU experience.

Before we get started, let's do an introduction. My name is Matt Oosthuizen. I'm our Sustainability Manufacturing Specialist here at Autodesk. I'm part of our Impact and ESG Organization. And I'm joined by my lovely colleagues here, Robert, who's a Principal Technology Consultant part of the Customer Engagement Organization, and Saleh, who is the Founder and CEO of Gravity Climate, the partner that we're working with on this project.

The learning objective today is we're going to be discovering environmental impact in the manufacturing industry, and the importance of tackling carbon early within the design phase. We're going to learn how to create sustainable manufacturing workflows by maximizing the manufacturing sustainability insights tool within Fusion 360. And we're going to compare carbon emissions of different manufacturing and design alternatives and estimate the impact of these design choices. And finally, learn how to implement sustainable design practices to optimize your designs for sustainability and reporting on manufacturing carbon impact.

The agenda, the motivation of this presentation of the manufacturing industries impact, we're going to look into a previous case study that Rob and I did last year for Autodesk University. Then we're going to deep dive into Gravity Climate and the power of the partnership between Gravity and Autodesk. We're going to finally uncover the manufacturing sustainability insights tool with a demo. And then we're going to have a bit of a call for action of how you can get involved and get access to this new solution that's coming to Fusion 360.

Now the manufacturing industry has a big impact and we really do need to act now. Studies have shown that the energy used within the industry equates to around 25% of global greenhouse gas emissions, which equates to around 9 billion tons of CO2 per year. And this isn't supposed to be doom or gloom to everyone that's watching this. It just shows that there's a real opportunity to make small scalable changes that can reduce the CO2 emissions within the industries that we serve as engineers and designers. And it really shows that manufacturing changes can have a big impact when looking at the products that we produce and use around us.

Now, what is sustainable manufacturing? And we put our heads together and we wanted to come up with a definition that we thought works for this. So sustainable manufacturing is the creation of products through economically sound processes that minimize negative environmental impacts whilst conserving energy and natural resources. And we're breaking this down into three key areas. We want to evaluate and reduce manufacturing costs. We want to understand and reduce manufacturing energy consumption. And finally, we want to minimize raw material consumption and reduce the amount of waste throughout our manufacturing processes.

And tackling carbon early is vital. And the smart people at the Carbon Infrastructure Review did some calculations and they did some studies, and they realized that 80% of a product's life cycle carbon emissions is locked in within that design phase. Now, what this means is if we produce more smart and efficient components that are optimized for the world that they live in, we can significantly reduce the CO2 emissions when they start getting into their implementation and operational and maintenance phases.

So at Autodesk as a company, we want to be able to produce solutions to help our customers like yourself reduce your CO2 emissions by optimizing your designs and understanding their impact whilst you're still designing, and whilst you're using our products. If you've created it, and they've gone to their end use, we've missed the boat. So we want to tackle carbon as early as possible within that design phase, and this is why we're partnering with the likes of Gravity Climate to help us give these level of insights. Now, I'm going to pass it over to Rob who's going to talk about a case study that we did last year that kicked off this project and why we're trying to produce these solutions.

ROBERT BOWERMAN: OK, thanks, Matt. I'll give a brief introduction to myself. So my name is Rob. I've been at Autodesk for the past 6, 6 and 1/2 years now, I'm actually based in one of our product teams, our Fusion 360 product, which is essentially the end product for the add-in in that we'll be producing. You'll be seeing it later on in this presentation. My background is actually in additive manufacturing, and additive manufacturing ties quite closely with sustainability. People that tend to want to make their products more sustainably look towards this process to see if it can offer them advantages over more traditional manufacturing methods.

Now, as Matt said, we did some research last year and we started to understand that some of the decisions that you make early on in the design and manufacturing process have a big impact on the amount of carbon that you're producing throughout the life cycle of the components. But we didn't want to just do a paper study to try and demonstrate this. We decided that we actually wanted to manufacture our own components to show some real figures and show how big these differences can be depending on the design and manufacturing decisions that you make.

So what we decided to do was to do a cradle-to-gate study on a component that we would manufacture via several manufacturing methods, different manufacturing methods, and throughout that process, we would track the amount of carbon that was being consumed. Now, a normal life cycle of a component obviously, is what we call cradle-to-grave and that involves everything from extracting the ore from the ground, transferring that into the raw material state, machining that into a component, that component then goes into operation.

And then there's carbon emitted throughout the life of that component. And then you have the end-use phase where you may recycle that component or try and repair that component to extend its life, or it may go to scrap or landfill, et cetera. Our study that we undertook last year focuses purely on the first part of this, this cradle-to-gate section. So we go to the next slide.

So the three manufacturing processes that we want to compare are an additive manufacturing process, which is called laser powder bed fusion. This is a process whereby we spread a very fine layer of metal powder and we consolidate it, melt it together with a laser. We build up layers of that melted powder to create the net shape of our components. The second process we wanted to compare that to was a say a subtractive manufacturing process. This is obviously, very widely used within the manufacturing space where we start with a large billet or block of material, and we just remove the material where we don't need it until we get to the final geometry.

And then the third process is a second type of additive manufacturing process called directed energy deposition, and in directed energy deposition, we are depositing a small bead of metal, in this case. That metal then solidifies into a layer, and we stack those beads up in layers until we reach the final component. This is often combined with the CNC milling process. Because it leaves a rougher more coarse surface, we need to then machine the parts afterwards to get to the final tolerances. And this combination of the additive process and the subtractive process is what's called a hybrid process. So go to the next slide.

So this shows you the components that we chose to manufacture across these different processes. What this actually is called a triple clamp. It's a component that sits on the forks of a motorcycle, so it's a very common component. It's traditionally a machined component from billet. So we decided to take the original design of that part and take it through that machining process.

Then we decided to redesign this part so that we could leverage some of the advantages and design freedoms of those additive manufacturing processes so that we can compare different design decisions, as well as the different manufacturing decisions that we're making. So we had three different design iterations. The original design, a 2 and 1/2 axis design, and then a freeform design that were both generated using Autodesk generative design utility.

And then what you can see in this diagram is the matrix of different processes that we used to manufacture those designs. So the original design, for instance, and the 2 and 1/2 axis design, and the freeform design, we manufactured all of those with CNC machining. And then the original design and the 2 and 1/2 axis design, we manufactured via this hybrid process of combining directed energy deposition and CNC machining. And then finally, this freeform design which is very well-suited to the powder bed process, we manufactured via that as well.

So what were we tracking throughout that process? So we were tracking various things. We were tracking the energy that was being consumed during the manufacturing process. So we put sensors on our machines so that we could log the energy that was being consumed throughout all the operations on the machine. We measured the energy consumed via the consumables that the machine uses, so obviously, we have coolant in the machining process.

But we also have inert gas, which is used in the additive manufacturing process. Both of these are consumables that are energy-consuming as well within their cells, so we measured how much we were using of those consumables. And we measured the amount of energy consumed in taking the material out of the ground, but also transforming the material into the state that it was needed for each of the manufacturing processes.

So for instance, for CNC machining, we would take the material out of the ground and then we would transform it into a block. That might involve a couple of steps. There's energy involved with each of those steps. Then to create a wire, which is used for the DED process, we would take that block and we would draw it into a wire which involves more energy to get to that final step.

Then to produce the raw material required for the powder bed process, we would take that initial block and we would use a process called atomization which essentially turns it into a powder, and, again, that consumes more energy. So for each of these processes, we also considered the amount of energy that it took to take the raw material to the form that was required for that machine, and then that gave us our total CO2 to produce that part. That's what we use to calculate our total CO2.

So if we go to the next slide and we look at some of the results, we can see on the left-hand side, some images of the components that we made in various states of the manufacturing process. And then on the right-hand side, we can see the evaluation of the total amount of carbon consumed making each of those components. So for example, on the left-hand side, we have the additive solid component.

Next to that, we have the additive lattice component. And then we have a range of milling and hybrid components. And within each of those bars, we can see that we're accounting for the material that's embodied, we're accounting for the amount of energy that the machine has produced, and we're accounting for anything like post-processing, so for the hybrid process, for instance, the amount of energy consumed for additive and subtractive.

So what we can see is that there's some big differences between these processes, right? So the additive manufacturing process or the powder bed manufacturing process is actually fairly similar to the milling process in the amount of overall CO2, but the distribution of the consumption of CO2 varies wildly. So the milling process, there's a lot of CO2 embodied within the material because you're using a high amount of material and you're removing that material and wasting that material. Whereas in the powder bed process, most of the carbon is actually consumed in the operation of the machine so it's a much less energy-efficient or highly-intensive machine to run.

What we can see is that the hybrid process is the best combination. It gives us the lowest amount of carbon. And that kind of makes sense because there's a lot of carbon within the material. Here, we're only using the minimum amount of material to produce the parts. And then we're using the much more efficient machining process to remove that material in certain areas. So what we took from this was almost a validation of our idea that our design and manufacturing choices have a big impact on the amount of carbon that's actually produced when we create a part.

So what we started to think about was this is fantastic, but we can't expect our customers to run these types of studies on all of their components to figure out the most carbon-efficient way to make their parts. So how can we embed this type of knowledge into our software products to give our users this type of insight as well so they can make smarter choices on how they make their parts and have more sustainable components in the future? So we started to put together these small demos where you could select your component and you could gain some type of insight based across a range of manufacturing processes and make a decision on how you would manufacture that part.

OK, so that was where we got to with the end of our project and we said, this is fantastic, but at the moment, it's only conceptual. Let's go and make this happen. Let's find the right partner who can give us great data which enables our customers to get these types of insights, and that's what we've done. And that's why you're going to hear about what Gravity Climate are doing within this project to create these types of insights.

SALEH ELHATTAB: Amazing. Thank you so much. And thank you, Matt, for teeing us up as well. I'm thrilled to be here, first of all, because I've been an Autodesk fan for the better part of a decade if not more. And I'm also thrilled because of the partnership that I'm going to be able to evangelize to you guys today. If you could just click forward one slide actually. There is a lot that I'm enthused about being able to intercept the design and manufacturing processes of products so early on.

You heard from Matt about how much of the emissions of a product are dictated before it's actually even left the presses, and so being able to partner with you guys at the design stage is extremely thrilling. Before I actually jump into it, I thought it might be helpful to share a little bit of context about Gravity. So this next slide is just going to be a quick summary of the kind of one-stop-shop for carbon management that Gravity is.

By way of like introduction, carbon management is something that is increasingly on the rise, both for regulatory reasons and also for voluntary reasons. And industrials, in particular, are being looked at because of how carbon-intense their operations are. They're looked at directly, as well as through the lens of their large enterprise, or the customers that have to disclose on their supply chain emissions.

Gravity helps across the entirety of that life cycle starting at the map stage, so working with an organization to understand both the nuance of its operations, what processes, what equipment is actually emissions-generating for you, but also your goals. Why are you measuring in the first place? Is it just for the climate disclosure to a customer or is it for regulatory purposes? Is it because you actually have to decarbonize your operations? All of that is something we like to do up front in the map stage. Measurement is where a lot of the, I guess, nerds on our team get quite excited.

We've tried to lower the barrier to entry here because transparent carbon accounting is a very esoteric space right now. A lot of people are daunted by the exercise, but because of the team's familiarity with industrial operators-- a lot of us come from manufacturing logistics and construction backgrounds-- we know how these orgs tick, and we know how to measure their footprint.

And we've built ways to integrate ourselves into their processes such that this is a natural exercise, rather than something that's completely unnatural and additive from a labor perspective, whether it's taking unstructured data like PDFs and being able to transcribe it, or integrating into submeters and all these other bits, or in the case of Autodesk, directly integrating with a design-time system and being able to take in information like the weight of a product, the additive or subtractive processes, and be able to calculate it in real-time rather than retrospectively.

Optimization is likely the most exciting part of our platform. We, as we understand the operational fingerprint of your organization, develop very bespoke insights on how you can reduce your footprint, whether that's us actually identifying the very low-hanging fruit-- you haven't made the transition to LEDs-- to much more nuanced things like optimizing condenser loops for your facilities or choosing different materials for the products you're producing.

All of these bits are things that we not only elevate to you as insights but actually facilitate through a growing network of vendor partners, as well as a growing network of innovative finance partners. So in the case of what we're going to be walking through today, it's going to be more about being able to optimize your design-time decisions, which we're increasingly thrilled to be able to do.

Last thing here is that visibility and clarity into carbon insights is currently one of the most important parts of the carbon management spectrum. We're still learning a lot about the hotspots in our society that are most ripe for decarbonization, and so disclosure on carbon information is absolutely critical. And not too surprising to this presentation, the work that we're doing with Autodesk lives uniquely at the intersection of that measurement, that optimization, and that reporting, all in a very unique and impactful way.

So with that, I'd love to tell you a little bit more about how exciting this partnership actually is. You already heard from Robert that we're focused on the cradle-to-gate step of the manufacturing life cycle, and actually, just the product life cycle in general. During this stage, a lot of very carbon-intensive decisions are made, where your material is actually being extracted as well as the materials themselves, the transportation from that source to the manufacturing facility, and ultimately, the actual manufacturing processes and energy mixes that go into it.

All of that stuff as you heard, actually has downstream effects as well, like how is it going to be used, what's the disposal of that product going to look like. So while it is just the first few stages of a product's life cycle, they end up like you already heard-- and I'm going to reiterate probably one or two more times-- impacting about 80% of the emissions of that product's life cycle. As a result, we get to do a few really powerful things, and how does it actually work is a critical piece of this.

So I'd love to take a step back and tell you how we go beyond what I would call the status quo of product footprinting today, which is often abstracting away a lot of the emissions into things like just dollars spent on a product by industry. We've actually gone a lot deeper. We have worked with industry experts standing on the shoulders of giants who have done a lot, a lot of research into materials and the emissions that come with them. But transparently, there's a lot of gaps out there.

And so I'm lucky to be surrounded by brilliant people here at Gravity who have deep, deep expertise into the world of not only sustainability, but manufacturing and raw materials, such that when we find gaps in manufacturing processes' research, the Gravity team is actually able to study and develop methodologies for calculating the emissions of net new processes that don't have precedent, and have them verified and validated by industry experts and third parties, such that anything that we elevate is defensible and quite nuanced.

In addition to all that work, we have been able to work with different proprietary and public databases of emission factors that also allow us to elevate a plethora of information about those materials, transports, and manufacturing processes. All of that translates into a really robust API that the Fusion 360 platform can actually pull from directly, embedding those insights at the design-sent stage so that you can actually get the most visibility at one of the highest impact moments of a product's life cycle. Cool. So if I actually go back one slide-- I apologize. Yeah, if I actually think about this-- and I apologize, I'm actually going to make you go back even one slide further. So we're going two slides back. Wonderful.

The great news about being able to incept ourselves at this stage is that so much of the world of carbon accounting is retrospective. We end up measuring a product's emissions or the emissions of an organization the year after they've actually been emitted and identify reduction opportunities looking forward that are very much limited given the decisions that have happened often years or decades prior. What we're doing with Autodesk actually unlocks a very proactive opportunity to abate emissions, and likely a massive, massive opportunity for open industry that we know is increasingly prominent as we think about all the different developments in manufacturing in the years to come, and all the different new technologies we're looking to develop.

And so I'm thrilled that we're no longer just looking at how can we optimize an HVAC system we've already deployed, or how do we figure out fuel efficiency of a vehicle that's already on the road, but rather, we can say, well, do we actually want to build that HVAC system that way? Or do we actually want to build that consumer good in a way that's unavoidable? And so this shift from kind of ex-post calculation and abatement to proactive abatement is incredibly exciting, and I can't wait to get it into all your guys' hands. Cool.

So if we actually fast-forward now to the slide here, in practice, what you're going to end up seeing in Fusion 360 if you log in is that you'll now be able to see a nuanced breakdown of the emissions of the product you're designing, being able to extract out not just that total number, but drill-in by the materials, the finish, the actual process and location, and be able to understand for the materials that you see there on the left, like subtractive CNC milling, or things like molding and injection, the emissions affiliated with that process, as well as the material underlying it, and in real-time, be able to augment those decisions to see if there are opportunities to reduce it.

I think a lot of times people think that all of those decisions end up being costly, and so think I'd like to close with one comment on this next slide about not only the opportunities here to reduce the emissions of the product that you're building but the opportunity to actually find cost inefficiencies or other things that are good for your business. These trade-offs are often win-wins. And so a lot of what we're going to continue to encourage here is that participation in this decarbonization economy can be a very margin-enhancing decision for your organization.

Lower carbon materials are increasingly affordable. We know that aluminum now developed using inner anodes is carbon neutral or less carbon-intensive at a minimum, and more affordable than the status quo of aluminum. There are also lower waste processes that reduce the amount of materials that you actually have to procure because you're taking advantage of more of your feedstock. And sourcing things that are local to you, and manufacturing at facilities local to you reduce a lot of the costs associated with transport. And so there's a lot of opportunities for you to actually find optimizations here that end up turning into returns on your bottom line.

So know that you're not just going to be championing good for the world, but you're likely going to be able to champion good for your business as well. Now, all that said, I think I could talk on and on about this project with you guys. But I'd love to actually show you the quickest demo, and for that, I'm going to toss it back to Matt. And if you do have any questions, you know where to find me. But thank you, Matt, and, Robert. Back to you.

MATT OOSTHUIZEN: Thanks, Saleh. That was great. Great to hear you talk so passionately about what you guys are doing there at Gravity Climate. Now we're going to go over the MSI project that we're doing, the Manufacturing Sustainability Insights, and we're going to be uncovering these insights with a short demo. So before we get into that, I want to set the scene a bit. We're going to put our customer hat on, and we're going to take a case study of a luxury goods product.

We're seeing a lot of consumer pressure saying that they want to be purchasing products from companies or organizations that have sustainability as one of their key pillars or one of their key ethoses within brands, so take that as an external pressure towards a company. And we're going to look at a luxury watch brand. Now, the leadership of this luxury watch brand is saying, well, OK, we've got this consumer pressure, and we need to make a change to be able to showcase that we're trying to make a difference, that we're trying to reduce our impacts as a brand and make a brand that doesn't just cost the planet.

So what they're going to say is we need to make an effort to reduce our brand CO2 emissions. Let's start with our products. And we need this in the press before Q4. So they're saying what they need to do, when they need to do it, and how they're going to do it. Unfortunately, Emily, our engineering manager persona, has beared the brunt of this, and she now has to say, right, well, we need to focus on calculating our watches' carbon footprint, let's find out how we can reduce it. And we need to go to market in the next three months.

She passes this on to her team, and Dominic, the designer, has to come up with a way to reduce the carbon footprint of these watches. And he says I'm not an environmental engineer, and I know that a life cycle assessment will take too long. Where do I even begin to start making a change, and how can I do that? Fortunately, he's a Fusion 360 subscriber, and in Fusion 360, the sustainability solutions teams with partnerships like Gravity Climate, we've been developing solutions for Fusion so that we can give these design-based insights so that Dominic the designer, isn't there flicking through research documents and putting his finger in the air trying to come up with a way to reduce his carbon emissions.

Now we're going to go into the head of Dominic, the designer, in Fusion 360, and see how he can take one of their watch concepts and reduce the carbon emissions to ensure that they meet the requirements from their leadership. Great. Now, Dominic is going to start off with another tool that we have in Fusion that we're going to briefly cover, a partnership with Makersite. And what he's going to use this for is just to have an initial understanding of which parts to focus on within his assembly.

Now, he's going to send a bill of materials, and he's going to get this back. And he can see that roughly around a kilogram of CO2 emissions. And he sees that the case design is actually the biggest contributor to that. When he goes on to the heatmap view, he can see that highlighted in red, and he knows this is the place to start. This is where he can reduce his CO2 emissions significantly and make an impact required by his leadership and his engineering manager.

Now what Dominic is going to do is he's going to go into Fusion 360 again, go onto the manufacturing sustainability insights tool, and he's going to make that selection of that body of that case design. Currently, they use CNC machining for producing their cases, so he's going to select that. It's automatically going to take stainless steel, the 316. And he wants to manufacture 50 components. And they're currently based in the UK, so their manufacturing location is Great Britain.

Dominic is now going to go and create these insights to understand what the overall carbon emissions are going to be for manufacturing this component with those criteria, and he sees that the CO2 equivalent is around 5 to 10 kilograms of CO2, the waste is around 5 to 2 kilograms, and the cost is around $50 to $150 depending on what he selects. He drills down into the CO2 emissions, and he sees that there are different subtractive processes that you can use, and it breaks down his manufacturing emissions, his material emissions, and his consumable emissions.

He's going to apply that and give a more granular understanding of the total CO2 emissions for manufacturing with CNC milling. If he goes to the Waste tab, he can now compare the butterfly ratio of this component when he uses CNC milling. And he sees that only 4% of that part is actually usable, and the rest is waste. And he has a circularity score for the material that he's currently using. So is that material recyclable? How many times can it be recycled? And what is the energy consumption for recycling that component?

Now, he goes back to it and he sees that there's an icon that says a new suggested method for reducing your component CO2. He clicks on that and he sees, oh, additive. We haven't really considered additive manufacturing for manufacturing our watches. So he goes into that, and he sees the four different processes that he can use to produce a metal component using metal additive manufacturing. And currently, he wants to compare the display comparisons. So he selects that and he sees, OK, if I use laser powder bed fusion, I can reduce my CO2 emissions by around 3 kilograms, I can reduce my waste, but I increase my cost, something that he's going to have to consider.

If he goes to direct energy deposition, it slightly reduces his CO2 savings. But he says, OK, I'm going to go with laser powder bed fusion, and we're going to see maybe if a different material can help. So he saved that, and now he's gone to the circularity tab. He sees his butterfly ratio now of 2.5, which is way better than that 22 previously with subtractive manufacturing. Even if he changes to direct energy deposition, that's still a better butterfly ratio. He changes to titanium, which is less energy-intensive to manufacture, and he sees that the circularity score actually goes up. Although it's a more expensive material, they're a luxury brand, and they can absorb these costs when supplying their watch cases to customers.

So he now decides, OK, this is roughly what we're looking at. We can save on CO2 and we can save on waste. Let's apply this titanium to our model. And I think he's pretty happy now. He's reduced his CO2 emissions by over 50%, reduced his waste, but increased his cost. Now let's go into Fusion 360 a bit further and see if we can actually take full advantage of additive manufacturing. Because they've now changed how they manufacture their component, they can use some Design for Additive to optimize their design even further. We're going to do a bit of a Blue Peter style here-- if you're British. You know that reference.

But he's made this design before, and he sees that with his internal structure of his watch case, he can actually remove a lot of that internal materials. Because of that layer-by-layer process, he doesn't have to make it out of a solid block. He can hollow that structure and make it very light, but also reduce the amount of materials and the amount of energy required to manufacture it. Within manufacturing sustainability insights, he now sees that CO2 emissions has actually gone down even further to 2.2 kilograms. And actually, the cost has gone down because he's using less materials and less energy to manufacture his component.

He can make some other selections, so he sees the case design. It is the body that's selected, the location. But actually what he wants to do now is he wants to see how these values compare throughout the four saves that he's done. So within the history view, he can see the full versions that he's done, the carbon data associated, the manufacturing method, and the material. And this is really where his work in Fusion has stopped, and he now needs to go get approval from his engineering manager and senior leadership.

What Dominic can now do is he can go and select all of these versions or whichever ones he wants to export, and he can either export them as an impact CSV, so if you have hundreds of different versions, you can export them as a CSV in Excel and have that go into your downstream workflow, or you can export the impact reports. And this is a very visual way to be able to represent your findings. We know that not all of our customers are going to have everyone using Fusion 360.

And you don't want senior leadership going into Fusion 360 and having to play around with it. We want them to be able to understand the impact very quickly in a very visual way. So those impact reports that he's exported, we can have a look here. We can now see three examples, and we start on the left here. This is the first one that they created. This is how they currently manufacture their watches with CNC machining, with stainless steel, and the manufacturing location.

And you can see all of those information, so you get the manufacturing type, the process, the sustainability stats, and at the bottom, we have a breakdown of what that carbon breakdown is, what the material breakdown is, and then also gives you some insights of what this is equivalent to-- how many miles is this amount of CO2 equivalent to. Now, if we go to the middle one, this is when he's made the change to additive manufacturing. It's still the same stainless steel process. He can see some of the savings there straight away.

And then finally, the one on the right is where he's done his full design change. He's hollowed out his part. He's selected titanium as the material that they're going to use. And this is the part that he's now going to escalate up the management structure and have the design locked in so that they can manufacture these watch cases and go to market within that three-month period that they're required.

And we really see the value in this is that Dominic could have gone to a life-cycle assessment expert or an environmental engineer, and to get this type of insight would have taken months, and wouldn't have met the time constraints. So we really want this tool to be able to be used by our customers to have a quick understanding of what they're currently doing and have insights of what they could be doing better, and how they could implement that using Fusion 360.

Now, the next steps. This is really where you guys who are watching this come into play. We need your help. We're looking for Fusion 360 customers to help us during the development journey and to test the beta version of MSI. Now how you can get involved is join the Fusion 360 insider program and keep an eye out for any MSI beta signups, or just contact one of our presenters.

We'll have our contact details within this recording, or if you're there in person, feel free to come and chat to us afterwards. Now, thank you very much for listening to this presentation. We hope that you've found this as interesting as we do. We're very passionate about this, and we feel like this is the way that we can make a massive change within the manufacturing and design industry.