Introducing water sources

00:04

Understanding the various types of water sources

00:06

within a water distribution network is essential.

00:09

When modeling a network

00:11

network modeling is generally concerned with the clean water network,

00:15

everything downstream of a water treatment works and may not contain raw water.

00:20

However, there may be scenarios where you need to model the entire process.

00:25

Many sources will have legal or resource related abstraction limits which

00:29

may impact how a network is configured in different demand periods

00:35

without known constraints, raw water is often considered infinite for modeling.

00:40

However, the sustainable management of a water source is vital to those.

00:44

It is serving as well as for the health of the surrounding ecosystem.

00:49

Raw water can be categorized as surface water such as reservoirs and rivers.

00:55

This is typically a large open structure man-made or naturally occurring

00:60

and contains untreated water.

01:04

When modeling surface water uses a fixed head

01:07

node which represents an infinite supply of water

01:11

in WS pro service reservoirs or sr refer to manmade tanks that store treated water.

01:19

This includes water towers,

01:22

a reservoir is anything that can hold a finite amount of water.

01:25

And along with service reservoirs and water towers,

01:28

it can also include contact tanks,

01:32

service reservoirs can contain multiple compartments and

01:35

are often averaged into one object.

01:38

However, if necessary, you can model the compartments separately and link them

01:44

because reservoirs typically supply the network via gravity.

01:48

They are situated at the highest point of a network.

01:51

An important measurement is the reservoir's top water level

01:55

or Twl which is the maximum gravity head.

01:58

It can provide to a downstream network.

02:01

Groundwater such as springs, wells or boreholes is another raw water source.

02:07

These are underground sources that require a pump to extract

02:10

and often have very few treatment processes applied to them.

02:13

Beyond chlorination,

02:16

they are more likely to have smaller

02:17

abstraction limits than surface water sources.

02:20

So they can be modeled as a well or fixed head node.

02:24

The most common source of water in a network model are water treatment works. Or WTW.

02:31

WTW may include the contact tank or reservoir as a reservoir object.

02:36

Output of the works can be modeled as a fixed head or flow into the service reservoir.

02:42

Alternatively, WTW is simplified to a fixed head node,

02:47

having an idea of which type of water source you are working

02:50

with is crucial in the modeling of a water supply network.

Video transcript

00:04

Understanding the various types of water sources

00:06

within a water distribution network is essential.

00:09

When modeling a network

00:11

network modeling is generally concerned with the clean water network,

00:15

everything downstream of a water treatment works and may not contain raw water.

00:20

However, there may be scenarios where you need to model the entire process.

00:25

Many sources will have legal or resource related abstraction limits which

00:29

may impact how a network is configured in different demand periods

00:35

without known constraints, raw water is often considered infinite for modeling.

00:40

However, the sustainable management of a water source is vital to those.

00:44

It is serving as well as for the health of the surrounding ecosystem.

00:49

Raw water can be categorized as surface water such as reservoirs and rivers.

00:55

This is typically a large open structure man-made or naturally occurring

00:60

and contains untreated water.

01:04

When modeling surface water uses a fixed head

01:07

node which represents an infinite supply of water

01:11

in WS pro service reservoirs or sr refer to manmade tanks that store treated water.

01:19

This includes water towers,

01:22

a reservoir is anything that can hold a finite amount of water.

01:25

And along with service reservoirs and water towers,

01:28

it can also include contact tanks,

01:32

service reservoirs can contain multiple compartments and

01:35

are often averaged into one object.

01:38

However, if necessary, you can model the compartments separately and link them

01:44

because reservoirs typically supply the network via gravity.

01:48

They are situated at the highest point of a network.

01:51

An important measurement is the reservoir's top water level

01:55

or Twl which is the maximum gravity head.

01:58

It can provide to a downstream network.

02:01

Groundwater such as springs, wells or boreholes is another raw water source.

02:07

These are underground sources that require a pump to extract

02:10

and often have very few treatment processes applied to them.

02:13

Beyond chlorination,

02:16

they are more likely to have smaller

02:17

abstraction limits than surface water sources.

02:20

So they can be modeled as a well or fixed head node.

02:24

The most common source of water in a network model are water treatment works. Or WTW.

02:31

WTW may include the contact tank or reservoir as a reservoir object.

02:36

Output of the works can be modeled as a fixed head or flow into the service reservoir.

02:42

Alternatively, WTW is simplified to a fixed head node,

02:47

having an idea of which type of water source you are working

02:50

with is crucial in the modeling of a water supply network.

Video quiz

Which of the following is an example of surface water?

(Select one)
Select an answer

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Understanding the various types of water sources within a water distribution network is essential when modeling a network.

A presentation slide with information about water sources.

A presentation slide with information about raw water.

A presentation slide with information about service reservoirs and top water level.

;A presentation slide with information about groundwater.

A presentation slide with information about water treatment works.

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