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Professional CAD/CAM tools built on Inventor and AutoCAD
Integrated BIM tools, including Revit, AutoCAD, and Civil 3D
Professional CAD/CAM tools built on Inventor and AutoCAD
Transcript
00:03
Hydraulic transients (also known as water hammer or surge) are pressure fluctuations caused by a change in fluid velocity.
00:11
A rapid change in flow causes elastic strain of the fluid and pipe.
00:16
Conservation of energy means that the kinetic energy of the flow converts to a pressure wave,
00:21
which then travels along the pipe at high speed.
00:24
The wave speed is determined by the stiffness of the pipe material and the viscosity of the fluid inside.
00:30
Relatively soft pipe materials like medium-density polyethylene MDPE have lower wave speed and tend to weaken the wave energy.
00:38
Stiffer materials like iron have high wave speeds and allow the transmission of more energy over greater distances.
00:45
The magnitude of the event is directly proportional to the change in inertia of the flowing fluid.
00:51
If a wave is powerful enough, the accompanying pressure could exceed the pressure rating of the pipeline.
00:57
This has the potential to increase its stress and shorten its life.
01:02
Sub-atmospheric drops in pressure are a concern,
01:05
as they could collapse polyethylene pipes or draw water through perforations in the pipework.
01:10
Any event that causes the velocity of the water in a network to increase or decrease rapidly
01:16
can cause a pressure surge or a water hammer.
01:19
The most common sources of surge events are pump stations and valves.
01:24
InfoWorks TS, or Transient System, uses the Wave Characteristic Method and calculates the results at the nodes within the network.
01:33
The method of characteristics requires calculations at equally spaced interior points in a pipeline.
01:40
The objective in transient control is to reduce the magnitude (and if possible, the frequency) of the pressure disturbance.
01:47
Avoiding sudden changes will reduce the likelihood of transient generation.
01:51
Closing valves slowly, particularly during the final phase, keeps transient events under control.
01:57
Slowly starting and stopping pumps has a similar effect.
02:00
Pump, power, and valve control failures can put pipelines at risk, as can sudden high demands (like opening hydrants).
02:08
Implementing certain devices in a network can alleviate the effects of pressure waves
02:13
by releasing and replenishing excess positive and negative pressure.
Video transcript
00:03
Hydraulic transients (also known as water hammer or surge) are pressure fluctuations caused by a change in fluid velocity.
00:11
A rapid change in flow causes elastic strain of the fluid and pipe.
00:16
Conservation of energy means that the kinetic energy of the flow converts to a pressure wave,
00:21
which then travels along the pipe at high speed.
00:24
The wave speed is determined by the stiffness of the pipe material and the viscosity of the fluid inside.
00:30
Relatively soft pipe materials like medium-density polyethylene MDPE have lower wave speed and tend to weaken the wave energy.
00:38
Stiffer materials like iron have high wave speeds and allow the transmission of more energy over greater distances.
00:45
The magnitude of the event is directly proportional to the change in inertia of the flowing fluid.
00:51
If a wave is powerful enough, the accompanying pressure could exceed the pressure rating of the pipeline.
00:57
This has the potential to increase its stress and shorten its life.
01:02
Sub-atmospheric drops in pressure are a concern,
01:05
as they could collapse polyethylene pipes or draw water through perforations in the pipework.
01:10
Any event that causes the velocity of the water in a network to increase or decrease rapidly
01:16
can cause a pressure surge or a water hammer.
01:19
The most common sources of surge events are pump stations and valves.
01:24
InfoWorks TS, or Transient System, uses the Wave Characteristic Method and calculates the results at the nodes within the network.
01:33
The method of characteristics requires calculations at equally spaced interior points in a pipeline.
01:40
The objective in transient control is to reduce the magnitude (and if possible, the frequency) of the pressure disturbance.
01:47
Avoiding sudden changes will reduce the likelihood of transient generation.
01:51
Closing valves slowly, particularly during the final phase, keeps transient events under control.
01:57
Slowly starting and stopping pumps has a similar effect.
02:00
Pump, power, and valve control failures can put pipelines at risk, as can sudden high demands (like opening hydrants).
02:08
Implementing certain devices in a network can alleviate the effects of pressure waves
02:13
by releasing and replenishing excess positive and negative pressure.
Hydraulic transients (also known as water hammer or surge) are pressure fluctuations caused by a change in fluid velocity.
The magnitude of the event is directly proportional to the change in inertia of the flowing fluid.
Any event that causes the velocity of the water in a network to increase or decrease rapidly can cause a pressure surge or a water hammer.
InfoWorks TS, or Transient System, uses the Wave Characteristic Method and calculates the results at the nodes within the network. The method of characteristics requires calculations at equally spaced interior points in a pipeline.
The objective in transient control is to reduce the magnitude (and if possible, the frequency) of the pressure disturbance.
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