Working with structural framing Part 2

00:04

After completing this lesson, you will be able to apply and remove coping, create beam systems, and create trusses.

00:13

The objective domains covered are, 1.1e, work with structural framing and connections.

00:20

Coping can be applied to structural framing and structural columns when two or more members intersect.

00:26

By default, steel framing has a join cutback of half an inch.

00:30

In order to add coping, you will need to edit the join cutback and then apply the coping.

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Coping is a fast alternative method of cleaning up drawings and the model when steel connections are not being modeled.

00:43

If a steel connection is placed on the beam, then many traditional Revit tools such as coping and cutting beams are deactivated.

00:52

Beam systems are very convenient when adding a number of joists to the framing bay.

00:57

The span direction can be controlled and the beam system would adapt if the boundary changes.

01:03

A beam system can be used in 2D or 3D, so it's very useful for adding light gauge steel work perhaps on vertical planes.

01:14

A truss is an assembly of beams and bracing elements that form a rigid structure when assembled together.

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They are typically found in roofs and floors where long spans are desirable.

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Revit can create any type of truss and trusses can be attached to floors and roofs, which will then remain associative back to those elements.

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Go ahead and open up the model 010-Work with structural framing Part 2.

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You'll note that this particular model opens up in the second floor Top of Steel plan.

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If we zoom up to the front of the structure, here we're going to begin by editing some beam systems.

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Click the Structure ribbon and then select "Beam System".

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On the Context ribbon, you'll note that we have two methods to create a structural beam system.

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We can use Automatic Beam System or Sketch Beam System.

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We also have the ability to tag these on placement, I'm going to choose not to tag these.

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And on the options bar, we can configure the beam type that we want to use and the layout rule.

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In our case here, we'll go to Maximum Spacing, and here we'll set a maximum spacing of 8 feet.

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You'll now note that as I move my cursor over closed framing bays, Revit previews the beam system.

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When we're ready to place the beam systems, we can simply select, and you can see the beam systems are then placed.

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Let's go ahead and review that in 3D.

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You can now see our secondary beam systems placed.

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Next, we use the same beam system to put some framing in these roof bays.

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On the Structure ribbon, go ahead and select "Beam system".

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This time you'll see that we have a different context menu.

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First thing we're going to do is set our working plane.

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So here we're going to ensure that we have Reference Plane: Roof Plane selected.

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This is an inclined plane where the girders are modeled.

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In this example, we can simply pick the supports for our beam system.

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As I pick each support, you'll notice that this symbol here is determining the framing direction, that's correct,

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but if I wanted to change that, I could use the Beam Direction mode and then I could pick another beam.

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Once I'm happy with this, I can select "Finish Edit Mode" and my beam system is placed.

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So I might choose to edit my beam system, so I can simply select the beam system, and then in the Properties palette, I can make some changes.

04:14

So here, for example, I might want to change the section size, and you can see the beam system updates.

04:24

Next, you model two trusses to create our sky bridge.

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In the Project Browser, under Structural Plans, let's go ahead and open up the Fourth Floor.

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Our sky bridge needs to go from the core to this area over here,

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and you'll notice we have two structural columns underneath the slab to support our sky bridge.

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The sky bridge is going to be modeled with trusses.

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On the Structure ribbon select "Truss".

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Let's review some of the settings in the Properties palette.

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So you'll note here that the bearing chord is on the bottom and also our bearing vertical justification is also set to bottom.

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The truss height is 8 foot.

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And you can see here, we're using an accustomed family for our sky bridge.

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If I click on Edit Type, here we can review some of the sections that we're using.

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So the top chords are using our square section.

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Same with our vertical webs and our diagonal webs.

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And the bottom chord is again using the same as the top chord, a slightly deeper square section, in this case 8x8 inches.

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Both the vertical webs and the diagonal webs are using a 6x6 inch member.

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So here, I'm going to create a truss from the endpoint of this wall to the center point of this column.

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And we'll do the same on the other side.

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Let's switch back to the 3D view to review our truss.

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And here you can see our sky bridge.

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Now, the sky bridge is pitching up at the start, let's review some of the properties.

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If we select this truss here, you might note that the start level offset is set 1 foot above the end level offset.

06:24

Well, with any structural framing or trusses, we can obviously amend and edit these settings.

06:29

I could change the reference level for my truss and the start level and end level offsets.

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In this case, let's set the start level offset to 0.

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And you can now see the truss adapts.

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We'll do the same with the other truss, we'll set the start level offset to 0.

06:51

Another thing to note with a truss is it doesn't have to be vertical, so we could take this truss and we could rotate it through 90 degrees.

07:02

Also, the bearing chord could be set to the top rather than the bottom.

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And you can now see the truss is set out from its top chord.

07:14

Ok, so there's the sky bridge created with the trusses.

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Next, we'll look at beam column joins and coping.

07:23

Let's start with beam column joins.

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So on the very section here, you can see that we have start beams over here carrying these rectangular hollow sections.

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And you can see if we look at the condition at the end of these RHS sections, we really need to tidy those sections up a little bit.

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If you select the Modify ribbon, you'll note here that we have a tool called Beam/Column Joins.

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If I go ahead and select that tool, you'll notice here that we get arrows where we can direct each section.

07:56

So here you can see that this member is parting up to this member,

07:59

but I could reverse that by shortening this top member and then increasing this member here, and now I have the opposite configuration.

08:07

Without shortening the member, if I push this member into this member, then it forces a miter.

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So let's look at that again over here.

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So again, I can push these two members together and form a miter.

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And I'll do the same over here, and one more in here.

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Let's now go ahead and look at coping.

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In the Project Browser, go ahead and open up the Second Floor plan.

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Let's zoom up on our beam system.

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And here we're going to create a section to elevate this joist.

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So on the quick access toolbar, select Section, and we'll create a section that's going to elevate that joist.

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We can change the depth and go ahead and open up the section.

09:07

We'll change the scale and also the detail level.

09:15

So here, we can see our joist and also our girder.

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The first thing we'll need to do is extend the joist into the girder.

09:25

Before we do that, if we select this joist, let's take a look at the Properties palette,

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and you'll notice here that we have something called start join cutback and end join cutback.

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By default this is half an inch.

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So that's given us a half an inch gap between the edge of this beam here and the bounding box of our girder.

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What we're now going to do is override that.

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On the context ribbon, you'll notice we have Change Reference, let's go ahead and select that.

09:57

Instead of cutting back to the bounding box of the girder, we can now pick the web.

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And you'll now see the joist has extended.

10:07

On the Modify ribbon, we can now click "Cope".

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So here, we select the member we're coping, and then the member it's coping back to, which is our girder.

10:21

Once we've created the cope, we can also control the gap.

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Let's select the joist.

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In the Properties palette, you'll notice here we have coping distance.

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So I'm going to update this and have this as half an inch.

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And there's our notch.

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Now just so we can see that notch in 3D, let's go back to our 3D view.

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We can right mouse click on our view cube and we're going to orientate our view to section 1.

10:58

Of course, here we can now see our joist, and we can now see the notch into the girder.