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Describe the benefits of 2D modelling in ICM.
Type:
Tutorial
Length:
9 min.
Transcript
00:03
In InfoWorks ICM, 2D modelling removes some of the assumptions made when undertaking 1D modelling,
00:12
thereby leading to greater confidence in your outputs.
00:16
For example, in large rural areas that produce significant overland flow,
00:27
Enhancing existing 1D models with 2D overland routing allows you to simulate and understand more complex systems.
00:35
Moreover, the true power of 2D modelling is in the presentation of visual outputs.
00:42
You no longer rely on theorized flood cones and assumptions about the impacts that the flooding has on surrounding properties.
00:50
You can clearly display this with a 2D model added to a map.
00:54
Moreover, you can take this a step further and perform detailed flood damage calculations
01:00
based on the flood depth to individual properties.
01:04
Shallow water equations (SWE), the depth-average version of the Navier-Stokes equations,
01:11
are used for the mathematical representation of the 2D flow.
01:15
ICM uses an unstructured mesh to represent the 2D zone
01:20
to allow robust simulation of rapidly varying flows (shock capturing) as well as super-critical and transcritical flows.
01:29
Refer to the Autodesk InfoWorks ICM Help topic, “Basic 2D Hydraulic Theory,” for more information on the ICM 2D solver.
01:58
It is intended that a model should contain either small discrete 2D zones or a single large 2D zone.
02:06
There is no interaction between different 2D zones.
02:10
If you have a model where the boundary of multiple 2D zones is coincident,
02:15
these should be merged to ensure continuity of the hydraulic calculations.
02:20
If you are undertaking river modelling, there is no need to have a separate 2D zone for either side of the river.
02:27
The 2D boundary is primarily defined by the boundary edge of the 2D zone.
02:33
In the 2D zone properties, you set a boundary type, which will define how flow is allowed out of the 2D zone.
02:49
This will override the 2D zone boundary and can also be used to bring flows into the model.
02:56
A 2D mesh is comprised of 2D elements that are often triangular in shape,
03:02
due to the underlying routine, but can take any amalgamated shape.
03:08
ICM differs from many other 2D hydraulic modelling software
03:13
in that it employs an irregular mesh rather than a gridded mesh.
03:18
This allows a more exact representation of the underlying topology and geometry of structures.
03:25
Also, you can model detailed areas and less detailed areas as desired,
03:30
allowing you to more effectively manage your resources by having an ideal number of 2D elements for analysis.
03:38
The more elements and therefore calculation points that the model contains,
03:42
the longer the calculations take and the more results data that is generated.
03:48
For the 2D mesh to be generated, you need to import an appropriate ground model that covers the extent of your 2D zone.
03:57
This is often a resolution of 2m or less for city scale models.
04:02
The ground level for a mesh element is calculated by sampling the ground model within the 2D triangles
04:09
making up the element and then taking the average of the sample point levels.
04:14
ICM offers two methods of mesh generation for InfoWorks networks:
04:20
Classic: The meshing approach that has been present in InfoWorks ICM since it was first released.
04:26
It populates the entire mesh with triangles and then attempts to amalgamate small ones to meet the minimum element area criteria.
04:36
Clip meshing: A meshing approach that makes use of primary and secondary meshing phases.
04:43
It is particularly suited to models with complex geometry and objects that may be approximately coincident.
04:51
A comparison of the two techniques along a detailed river bank is shown.
04:56
The classic meshing has created lots of small elements along the boundary edge
05:01
which is typically undesirable and could impact simulation stability and run time.
05:07
The primary elements in the clip meshing have been clipped to the river reach boundary,
05:13
giving it its name.
05:14
This typically leads to the generation of less elements and avoids complications with small triangle generation.
05:22
Terrain-sensitive meshing is used to increase the resolution of the mesh in areas that have a rapid variation in height,
05:31
without increasing the number of elements in relatively flat areas.
05:35
A higher resolution mesh more accurately represents the underlying topography than a lower resolution mesh.
05:43
This can be seen in the image where the darker regions represent those with small dense elements.
05:49
From the mesh alone it is possible to identify the main flow paths.
05:55
A meshing job is treated in the same way as a simulation.
05:59
Once your mesh has completed generating, the job turns green.
06:03
It is possible to generate multiple meshes at the same time for different models or scenarios.
06:10
For each mesh job, immediately prior to mesh generation, the data used for creating the mesh is validated.
06:18
The mesh log for the job contains any error messages, and it is necessary to correct these errors before the mesh can be generated.
Video transcript
00:03
In InfoWorks ICM, 2D modelling removes some of the assumptions made when undertaking 1D modelling,
00:12
thereby leading to greater confidence in your outputs.
00:16
For example, in large rural areas that produce significant overland flow,
00:27
Enhancing existing 1D models with 2D overland routing allows you to simulate and understand more complex systems.
00:35
Moreover, the true power of 2D modelling is in the presentation of visual outputs.
00:42
You no longer rely on theorized flood cones and assumptions about the impacts that the flooding has on surrounding properties.
00:50
You can clearly display this with a 2D model added to a map.
00:54
Moreover, you can take this a step further and perform detailed flood damage calculations
01:00
based on the flood depth to individual properties.
01:04
Shallow water equations (SWE), the depth-average version of the Navier-Stokes equations,
01:11
are used for the mathematical representation of the 2D flow.
01:15
ICM uses an unstructured mesh to represent the 2D zone
01:20
to allow robust simulation of rapidly varying flows (shock capturing) as well as super-critical and transcritical flows.
01:29
Refer to the Autodesk InfoWorks ICM Help topic, “Basic 2D Hydraulic Theory,” for more information on the ICM 2D solver.
01:58
It is intended that a model should contain either small discrete 2D zones or a single large 2D zone.
02:06
There is no interaction between different 2D zones.
02:10
If you have a model where the boundary of multiple 2D zones is coincident,
02:15
these should be merged to ensure continuity of the hydraulic calculations.
02:20
If you are undertaking river modelling, there is no need to have a separate 2D zone for either side of the river.
02:27
The 2D boundary is primarily defined by the boundary edge of the 2D zone.
02:33
In the 2D zone properties, you set a boundary type, which will define how flow is allowed out of the 2D zone.
02:49
This will override the 2D zone boundary and can also be used to bring flows into the model.
02:56
A 2D mesh is comprised of 2D elements that are often triangular in shape,
03:02
due to the underlying routine, but can take any amalgamated shape.
03:08
ICM differs from many other 2D hydraulic modelling software
03:13
in that it employs an irregular mesh rather than a gridded mesh.
03:18
This allows a more exact representation of the underlying topology and geometry of structures.
03:25
Also, you can model detailed areas and less detailed areas as desired,
03:30
allowing you to more effectively manage your resources by having an ideal number of 2D elements for analysis.
03:38
The more elements and therefore calculation points that the model contains,
03:42
the longer the calculations take and the more results data that is generated.
03:48
For the 2D mesh to be generated, you need to import an appropriate ground model that covers the extent of your 2D zone.
03:57
This is often a resolution of 2m or less for city scale models.
04:02
The ground level for a mesh element is calculated by sampling the ground model within the 2D triangles
04:09
making up the element and then taking the average of the sample point levels.
04:14
ICM offers two methods of mesh generation for InfoWorks networks:
04:20
Classic: The meshing approach that has been present in InfoWorks ICM since it was first released.
04:26
It populates the entire mesh with triangles and then attempts to amalgamate small ones to meet the minimum element area criteria.
04:36
Clip meshing: A meshing approach that makes use of primary and secondary meshing phases.
04:43
It is particularly suited to models with complex geometry and objects that may be approximately coincident.
04:51
A comparison of the two techniques along a detailed river bank is shown.
04:56
The classic meshing has created lots of small elements along the boundary edge
05:01
which is typically undesirable and could impact simulation stability and run time.
05:07
The primary elements in the clip meshing have been clipped to the river reach boundary,
05:13
giving it its name.
05:14
This typically leads to the generation of less elements and avoids complications with small triangle generation.
05:22
Terrain-sensitive meshing is used to increase the resolution of the mesh in areas that have a rapid variation in height,
05:31
without increasing the number of elements in relatively flat areas.
05:35
A higher resolution mesh more accurately represents the underlying topography than a lower resolution mesh.
05:43
This can be seen in the image where the darker regions represent those with small dense elements.
05:49
From the mesh alone it is possible to identify the main flow paths.
05:55
A meshing job is treated in the same way as a simulation.
05:59
Once your mesh has completed generating, the job turns green.
06:03
It is possible to generate multiple meshes at the same time for different models or scenarios.
06:10
For each mesh job, immediately prior to mesh generation, the data used for creating the mesh is validated.
06:18
The mesh log for the job contains any error messages, and it is necessary to correct these errors before the mesh can be generated.
Removes some of the assumptions made when undertaking 1D modelling.
Leads to greater confidence in outputs.
Better method for understanding the impact on communities such as large rural areas with significant overland flow.
Used to enhance existing 1D models with 2D overland routing, allowing simulation and understanding of more complex systems.
Represent the true power of 2D modelling.
Remove reliance on theorized flood cones and assumptions about the impacts that the flooding has on surrounding properties.
Allow impacts to be displayed clearly with a 2D model added to a map.
Facilitate detailed flood damage calculations based on the flood depth to individual properties.
Shallow water equations (SWE), the depth-average version of the Navier-Stokes equations, used for mathematical representation of 2D flow.
ICM uses unstructured mesh to represent 2D zone for robust simulation of rapidly varying flows (shock capturing) as well as super-critical and transcritical flows.
Refer to Autodesk InfoWorks ICM Help topic, Basic 2D Hydraulic Theory, for more information on the ICM 2D solver.
Used to define the area required for mesh generation and 2D calculations.
Can be imported via the Open Data Import Centre (ODIC) or digitized directly on the GeoPlan.
Each model contains either small discrete 2D zones or a single large 2D zone.
No interaction between different 2D zones.
Where the boundary of multiple 2D zones is coincident, should be merged to ensure continuity of the hydraulic calculations.
For river modelling, no need to have a separate 2D zone for either side of the river.
Defined primarily by the boundary edge of the 2D zone.
Used to define alternative boundary conditions along a section of a 2D zone boundary.
Overrides 2D zone boundary.
Boundary type, set in 2D zone properties, defines how flow is allowed out of the 2D zone.
Can also be used to bring flows into the model.
Comprised of 2D elements often triangular in shape, due to the underlying routine, but which can take any amalgamated shape.
Used by ICM rather than a gridded mesh, making ICM different from many other 2D hydraulic modelling software.
Enables a more exact representation of underlying topology and geometry of structures.
Allows modelling of detailed areas and less detailed areas as desired, resulting in more effective resource management due to an ideal number of 2D elements for analysis.
The more elements and therefore calculation points in a model, the longer calculations take, and the more results data generated.
For 2D mesh to be generated, need to import an appropriate ground model that covers the extent of the 2D zone.
Often a resolution of 2m or less for city scale models.
Ground level for mesh element calculated by sampling ground model within 2D triangles making up the element, and then taking average of sample point levels.
Two methods of mesh generation for InfoWorks networks:
Classic:
Clip meshing:
A comparison of the two techniques along a detailed river bank:
Classic meshing: Created lots of small elements along boundary edge which is typically undesirable and could impact simulation stability and run time.
Clip meshing: Primary elements have been clipped to the river reach boundary, giving it its name.
Used to increase resolution of mesh in areas with rapid variation in height, without increasing number of elements in relatively flat areas.
More accurately represents the underlying topography than a lower resolution mesh.
Can be seen in image below, where darker regions indicate areas of small dense elements.
Allows identification of main flow paths from mesh alone.
Meshing Jobs:
Treated in the same way as a simulation.
Turns green once mesh generation is complete.
Can be used to generate multiple meshes at the same time for different models or scenarios.
Validates data used to create mesh prior to mesh generation.
Creates mesh log with error messages, which must be corrected before mesh generation.
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