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MEP Modeling Made Easy with Dynamo

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Description

In this class, we'll understand how to use Dynamo software to perform daily activities from a Mechanical and Electrical contractor point of view-starting from simple parameters mirroring and going to more-advanced techniques, including the use of Python scripting. The requirement of a LOD400 model for 34 kilometers of tunnel can be quite complex if you don't choose the right way. Starting from a simple Microsoft Excel file with the tunnel alignment, you'll be able to create a fully detailed design, including all the information useful for the facilities management system. Dynamo is the key when you've got to place thousands of elements based on rules and algorithms. This is a real-world applications in one of the most iconic rail projects in the Middle East

Key Learnings

  • Understand how to approach an alignment-based model
  • Learn how to create families optimized for a rule-driven algorithm
  • Learn about the basics of Python and Code Blocks to improve Dynamo “out of the box” capabilities
  • Learn how to extract dashboards in order to QA/QC the model and verify construction tolerances

Speaker

  • Cesare Caoduro
    Cesare is an experienced BIM enthusiast and user of Autodesk Revit MEP. He has more than ten years of continuous experience using this package and has a particular interest in researching, developing and implementing BIM strategies, methodologies and workflows. Pursuing the continuous development and research of new strategies/workflows to improve efficiency and productivity using generative design and visual programming. Cesare believes the most important pieces of the “BIM puzzle” to be the 3C’c – Collaboration, Communication and Coordination.Cesare’s passion for BIM is translated into the outstanding quality of achievements delivered. He is a strong believer in teamwork that is always committed and dedicated to deliver the best in each project. He is also well known for his creative visions and ideas – an innovative and a practical thinker – “simplicity is the most sophisticated method”. His work and experience has developed through exposure across different projects and countries including Qatar where he currently resides, this provides him with a high cultural intelligence and capability of adaption to any cultural environments/challenges.
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Transcript

CESARE CAODURO: So welcome, people. Just thank you for coming this afternoon. I know this is difficult, the last session. And I promise I won't hold you that much, so we can go and grab our beers after this session. So no more than one hour.

So I'm Cesare. I'm from Italy. And I feel more like a computational design addict, not anymore-- I don't like anymore [? being a ?] manage. It's too [INAUDIBLE] anymore. It's more fun, it's cool to say computational design addicted.

So this is more or less my background. I'm working in the tunneling and MEP and structural design. And this is briefly the description of the class. And it's more focused on the tunneling modeling, both for structural and MEP.

And it's more focused on the MEP, but we sure something interesting on the structural side as well. So those are, for me, the learning objectives. I hope at the end of this session, you will understand a little bit more how to use Dynamo for computational modeling inside Revit, and the how to connect Civil 3D using Dynamo to Revit as well.

But this is not only technical. So just for the next year, I hope we can eat lasagna in a better way in Las Vegas. So for those of you that like to cook, this is the recipe. The lasagna is not--

AUDIENCE: [INAUDIBLE]

CESARE CAODURO: Yeah, yeah. Sure. And this is part of the keynote as well. So this is a new product from Autodesk for the next year.

AUDIENCE: [INAUDIBLE]

CESARE CAODURO: Yeah. Of course. Of course. I'm not eating any kind of lasagna which is not from my mom.

So anyway, this is the agenda. I will try to show you a little bit more about tunneling. What are the challenges in modeling tunneling. And I have two bonus tools, sprinkler system to CAD And I will show you how to what it is for, and the shortest path in the electrical modeling.

So let's start with a brief introduction. This is me in Qatar. And my background is more civil engineering, working mostly in the MEP side.

But I like just the word that I am-- for me, BIM is just like collaboration, communication, and coordination. So I'm always trying to do this every day during my work. days. But at the beginning, while I was creating this presentation, I said, OK. I can show you many things cool I'm doing every day with my company or my previous companies. But then I said, what if I was on the other side, sitting there and watching the presentation.

So I said, why am I here and what I'm looking for during AU. And then I said just emotions. So I'm not here to show you the best of our companies, of our production. I'm just trying to give you some emotion. And in my opinion, the hands-out is how to guide you and find your emotions.

So let's talk about the tunnel modeling. The first time the engineering manager came to me and said, we need to model the tunnel, and it's a TBM tunnel. I don't know how many of you are familiar with TBM tunnels.

And yes, concrete, who is working in the tunneling? Oh, just one. And I know also this [INAUDIBLE]. So it's OK.

And the first time, the tunnel is pretty complex. The shape of a tunnel is pretty complex. It's based on curvatures, it's changing in elevation. So it's pretty difficult to model a tunnel. Especially Revit, which is not the best solution to model a tunnel.

So the first time they came to me and they said, OK, we need to model this tunnel. And not only the tunnel. We have to model all the systems inside the tunnels. So piping, cable trays, and whatever is in the tunnel. Panels, [INAUDIBLE] bars and whatever is there, we need to model it, because the client is asking.

He doesn't know why he wants the model in 3D. But we need to do it because it's in the employment requirement. And we just have an Excel file, so it's coming from the [? civil team. ?] We have an Excel file with the x, y, and z-coordinates for the tunnel. And you have to use only that one to model everything.

We said OK. Ah, OK, we need it in two weeks. And it's 34 kilometers of tunnel, of course.

So then I said, OK. There's something wrong here. So we need to find a way to do it in two weeks. Otherwise, it's not really easy to do.

So what were the challenges? The challenges were Revit limits about MEP during the modeling in complex shapes. So think about like a snake.

You have to model a snake, 11 kilometers or 30 kilometers or 12 kilometers. So it's not the best way to model. I mean, Revit is not made to do that in the huge amount of data, because this model was for the FM phase of the project. So all the panels with all the information about the circuits, or any kind of information about the delivery of the panel for the 4D and blah blah blah.

And of course, no clear information. So the client said, I want it. But I don't know why. So just produce a model and we will see there. So the only solution was Dynamo, because Dynamo is the only way to automate tasks and to model complex shapes using automation.

So the rules behind this workflow are really simple, and everything is based on geometries. I will try to explain it a bit, but you have all the details in the handout if you want to go later and check it out. So we need to read an Excel. We have an XYZ Excel file, Excel sheet.

So we need to draw a NURBS curve, which is like a spline in AutoCAD because Revit is not able to use splines. And we need to split these splines each x meters. Because if you think about the TBM tunnel, it's made by rings. And each ring can be 1 meter, 1.6 meters, or 2 meters. It depends on the TBM, and it depends on the ring.

And once you find and you split this curve each x meters, you have to find some information about this curve. You need to find the direction of the curve just to check the orientation of the ring along the curve, and both vertically and horizontally rotation. So the only way that you can do this is just to find tangent vectors. So yes, you have to go back to college to remember how to use vectors, how to use planes, and how to use everything, because the basics of Dynamo are made of geometries. And then we can find the way to use the vertical and horizontal offset based on this.

So this one was the Excel file used with some information, I'm not here to bore you about tunnel alignment. But you have a design alignment, real alignment based on the TBM. And other important information are the possible rotation of the rings, because the ring has a complex shape. It's a cone, and you cannot rotate every time in the same direction. So it's a piece of concrete, and you have to stick together two pieces of concrete in order to keep the strength of the ring.

So that one just right here, it's a matrix of the allowed ring sequences. So let's say you have 20 sequences, 20 possible rotations of the ring. And you cannot say always, OK, the position 1 can rotate with position 2 or position. 3 so you have some possibilities to stick together two rings following each other.

And this was more or less the result. Nice, not very complex. So as you can see, we have the rings and we have all the supports placed inside the each ring. And we have all the panels and lighting fixtures. We have a couple of cable trays running along the tunnel.

And you can see from here that the tunnel is not exactly straight. So it's changing, it's adapting to the [INAUDIBLE] when it's rotating and excavating in the underground. So everything was made by a single script using that Excel file. Just using that simple rule, use a curve, split the curve. each x meters. And then once you split the curve each x meters, you can place either a piece of pipe or you can place a single landing, valve, or you can place simple lighting fixture.

And this was the family used for the ring. This is the real initial version, which is just a simple family with two parameters. Actually, three parameters. One is the rotation along the center axis of the ring, and the other one are the rotation along the x, y plane. And the other one is the rotation in the vertical direction.

So using the tangent vector along the curve, we could calculate the angle of rotation in all the directions. And then it was just a simple node in Dynamo. Just place of family each point that you are cutting on these NURBs.

What about the MEP, then? So the MEP is using exactly the same idea. Exactly the same idea. Once you learn how to manage curves in Dynamo, you can do mostly everything.

So you can easily manage everything in Dynamo. You just need to learn how to read an Excel file, and you will see it in the [INAUDIBLE]. You need to know how to split the curve each distance that you want to choose.

And this can be a parametric curve, because for example, in the tunnel, you have something that is, for example [INAUDIBLE] each 90 meters along the curve. Then you have the lighting fixtures each five meters. But the rule used is always the same. You have just to decide where to cut and then find the point, and then place the family at that point. So you don't have to-- you can use your families, the families that you already have in your library, and just use Dynamo to place it automatically along the curve.

So this was the first release. I'm messing with this, as always. So this was the first release used for piping and cable trays. At the very beginning, we didn't have that much time to develop a script to use real pipes and the request to use these pipes just to run the stress pipe analysis along the tunnel.

So we just used the simple adaptive components based on two points and using the same rules. So cutting every six meters, because the pipe length is six meters or three meters, we could place these, like placeholders, just like a generic model, providing the solid. Then use that solid in the software for pipe strength analysis.

I'm going just a little bit more, because everything here is just an explanation of how it's done. But you can follow up in the handouts. I just want to go to something that is more interesting.

So this was the final model for mostly 34 kilometers of tunnel. And we did it in two weeks, actually. We just exceeded it a little bit, but it was two weeks anyway. So that was the first request from the client.

But of course, then they ask more, because they asked to produce automatically also all the sheets along the tunnel. So each five meters, a section, longitudinal sections, and blah blah blah. So we had another month to work on this and produce the right drawings.

But those models are used already in the FM systems. So they are using this for-- this is coming from a Qatar Rail project in Qatar. And it's for the Red Line South.

And this part of the tunnel is already done, is already constructed. And this part of the tunnel is already in the FM system. So they are just starting to produce all the procedures for the maintenance of the tunnels.

So as you can see from here, we have all the information of the [INAUDIBLE] saying that the distribution board name, the circuit number, the segment, the exact chainage, or the segment, in the tunnel. So every time, they can select an element and understand the type of funnel. And then they can go to for the spare parts and whatever they need. So it's pretty simple, but let's go to basics.

So I want to explain to you a little bit better how we can use this information. Because most of the time, we are not dealing only with Excel file but we are dealing with other software as well. So most of the time, the alignment, which is the main line saying where the tunnel is going, is coming from another software. And most of the time, the consultants doing the alignment or using Bentley systems to produce the alignment.

Then I just said why don't you use the [INAUDIBLE] data from the beginning without waiting for an Excel export? So I'm not sure how many of you are familiar with this kind of data. But there is one exchange format, which is like an open format, for exchanging information in alignment. So in the civil structures, which is the LandXML.

How many of you are aware about LandXML? OK, OK, not bad. So you are learning something new, at least. And from this LandXML, we can extract always this information. And this information can be provided runtime during the design process.

So this is kind of LandXML. It's just a text file where you can see, we have some information saying the name of the alignment. We have all the information regarding the curve.

So we have a straight stretch, then we have a curve. Then we have another curve. And then we have a straight path, and so on. So you can reconstruct the entire alignment using this one in both vertical and horizontal directions.

Then I said, why not use Dynamo to read this LandXML. And to use this LandXML inside Revit to drive the tunnel modeling? But then, I had that little bit of trouble, because we have a particular kind of curve in civil engineering, which is a clothoid. It's a complex curve. It's a complex shape that, of course, Revit doesn't care about.

So Revit doesn't like to deal with the clothoid, because they are too complex. Too much mathematics inside clothoid. You can see from here, this is the equation of the clothoid.

So Revit is stupid. It's not able to understand it. And then we realized that we need to find a way using, for example, Python to reproduce this equation in order to convert the LandXML into something that the stupid Revit is able to understand.

So this is more or less what we have. This is Civil 3D where our engineers are working for the alignment. So Civil 3D is able to read Linux LandXML and is able to export LandXML.

So you can import the LandXML in Civil, which is the same that you can import, for example, in Bentley. And it's almost the same output from both softwares. So if we are working in Civil 3D, and other consultants are working in Bentley, we can always exchange this information.

So this is a stretch of tunnel, and is almost 20 kilometers of tunnels in just one stretch. And I will show you now that I can use the same exact XML file, and import the same just inside Revit using Dynamo. I don't know how many of you are familiar with Python and programming languages. But you will find all these codes inside the [INAUDIBLE], and you will find all the Python codes inside the datasets that I'm providing with the class.

So this is Dynamo inside Revit. I can read the same XML, like in Civil 3D. Then I have a Python script reading the XML. This is the coding side, so it's basically reading the LandXML and is doing a couple of controls saying, OK, if this is a line, just draw a line between two points.

If it is a curve, just place a curve between three points. And then if it is the spiral curve, which is the famous clothoid, then you have to use a mathematical equation to convert this clothoid into something that Revit is able to read and to draw. You have Site Designer as an extension in Revit.

So if you try to import this LandXML using Site Designer in Revit, you will see all the stretch lines, perfect. All the curves, perfect. And you will find holes where you have spirals. So just the Site Designer is not able to do it. So you have to use something like reading the LandXML in a proper way, and then convert this one.

I'm just going to go a little bit further. So this is how I'm using then the alignment inside Revit to build the solid for the tunnel. This is a concrete tunnel. This is just a small stretch of the tunnel. And I'm using the same Dynamo to create a solid that, then, we can use to run that famous curve, and then place all the elements inside the tunnel.

So with the same idea, this is, like, a more complex node just using the tunnel dimensions, the bottom slab thickness, the top slab thickness. Right wall, left wall is just a rectangular tunnel. And you can modify all the information here. And with just one click, you have the entire tunnel in 3D. So you can provide this tunnel for the clash detection, or you can provide this tunnel to consultants.

And yeah, it seems pretty complex. But the idea, at the bottom of the script, is just really simple. I'm just using points. I'm just using lines. I'm just using simple elements.

And then build solid, and use that line to drive this solid along the alignment. So it's pretty simple. And just once you understand the first time, you will be able to do any kind of tunnel.

So with the tunneling, I'm done. I don't want to bother you again anymore with the tunneling. Everything is in the presentation, so you can watch it again and you can go deeper using the [INAUDIBLE] and following the video just to understand.

So this is the first section of the tunnel. So the section is completely parametrical. And because Dynamo now is in automatic mode, whenever I'm changing the information of the number in inputs here, you can see this is the typical section of the tunnel, and it's changing.

So I can offset the tunnel based on the position of the alignment. I can change the dimensions. I can change mostly everything here. And I can even change the thickness of the bottom slab and the top slab, left wall and right wall.

And this is used for many reasons. You can use this to calculate the volume of the concrete. And the final elements that you have after [? the script ?] is just a solid in Revit that you can use for rebars modeling. So you can use this one because you can rebar this model. It's just ready for rebars.

So at the end, I can create this as more solids. And this is the stretch of the tunnel completely parametric. And you will see now that I'm still changing the information.

And if the engineers are changing the dimensions of the tunnel, or if the LandXML creating this tunnel is changing, because the alignment is changing many times during the design process, I just have to run again this script. I don't have to do anything, and the tunnel will be ready for everybody again in just a few clicks. So this is really important. We are saving mostly two weeks of work with this, because we have a couple of other procedures going on for rebars, automatically rebars, on top of this model.

So we used to have at least two users, engineers, working on something like this for around two weeks. It depends on the complexity of the tunnel. Just right now, we have one engineer working for two days. So the time reduced quite a lot, probably 60% or 65%.

I didn't make any calculation about the time. But you can see, we can discretize. We can understand where we want to place the sections along the tunnel. So we can cut the tunnel almost everywhere.

But let's do something more familiar with the MEP part, because this is mostly boring for structural engineers. And we have a tool in our company, which is stupid, like Revit again. And we have another limitation in Revit. We cannot size any kind of sprinkler system in Revit out of the box as it is.

You can see, you can calculate flows in chilled water system, hydronic systems. You can calculate whatever you want in that system. But I don't know why we cannot do anything about sprinkler systems, and this is one of the most important parts.

So we have a tool in AutoCAD. But this tool in AutoCAD is just reading pure lines. So we need straight lines just without any break in the line. And we need to export a 3D model, 3D polyline, directly from Revit to this software. Because right now, previously, our engineers were just drawing again using AutoCAD this 3D polyline.

So they just said, OK, we have cool guys doing something, good stuff, in Dynamo. So why don't you provide us directly from Revit models just the straight line in AutoCAD? I said, OK, lets try.

So we came out with these challenges. Extract a clean version. Because you know, in Revit, we have the pipe, then we have the fittings, then we have pipe accessories. And we have a couple of things during the line.

But these guys don't care about these elements. They just want a straight line. Just like you trim two lines, they don't care about the fittings. They don't know, they don't care. They just want a line, and that's it.

And they want to be able to change in Revit to the model and just get straight away the new model in AutoCAD. And then run again the test and then modify Revit, and then run again the test and so on. So I said, OK, lets try.

So this is just an example. As I said, I want to give you emotions. I don't want to show you the entire project. So this is pretty complex, because you have pipes.

You have, of course, sprinklers. You have fittings, and you have fittings-to-fittings connection. You have transitions, and you have a couple of fittings and reduction transition connected together. So its pretty complex.

But they don't care about that. They don't want to see this reduction. They just want to see the pipe up to here, and they just want to see where is located the sprinkler head. So they don't care about anything else.

And OK, we just produce this simple script, which is extracting the lines. At the same time, it's doing the trim of the lines, is removing everything which is fitting-to-fittings, is removing whatever is a pipe accessory, and is just producing a clean line to export to Revit. So it's working very easily. You select everything. You just create a tolerance to try to trim these two lines together, and you would see the example.

And this is the final result. So you have the lines exactly connected to each other. You have the point of location of the sprinkler. And you would see, if I'm removing the clearance, you would just get only the lines without any connection. So the clearance is just looking into something close to the point, and try to trim these two lines.

And by the end of this, I'm just saying, OK, I want all the sprinklers in a layer called Sprinkler. And I want all the networks in a layer called Network.

So I'm just running and say, hey, come on. AutoCAD is not even open. So try to open AutoCAD before, stupid. And OK, this is a fresh, new drawing. So without any kind of layers.

And then I'd say, OK, I'm ready now to export. Just I want to place it through this Boolean. And straight away, I have all the elements exported to AutoCAD. So adjust the zoom extension, and those are the straight lines inside AutoCAD.

So they were losing almost two days to redraw the systems. Just this is a simple system. Think about the huge system in a huge building where you have almost 1,000 sprinklers, you have thousands of meters of piping.

And this is just, as you can see, a straight line without any break in the middle. This is just the middle point. And this is another straight line without caring about any kind of fittings here. You have just one break here, which is the position of the valve, because they do care about the valves. They want to know where the valves are because this is really important for them.

So I'm just taking care of the center point of the valve and the center point of the transition when those transitions are during [INAUDIBLE] line. So this is another break, because they need this. And a good thing is that they can change in Revit the model. And they can run again the script, and they can get the new one. So after the calculation, they can say, OK, I have to size this, change the diameter of this line. And then I have to add one sprinkler, and so on.

So again, this is the core of the system. But I don't want to go deeper. It's just from the selection, I can categorize pipes, pipe sprinklers, pipe accessories, and whatever is selected. And then again, using a little bit more programming skills, you can find the closest point to each other. And then you can find and trim this point.

So that clearance is just-- OK, I'm just here. I want to connect with someone close by me, and I want to look around one meter around me. So the first thing that I'm finding is him, and I will connect with him.

So I can trim two lines in this way, because that one is too far from me. And in this way, we can use many things to solve this. Yes, once you have found all the points, you can just select the points and trim.

So this was the first example. The second one came from the electrical team. You know about electrical in Revit.

I don't want to say always bad about Revit. But we don't have almost anything about Revit in the electrical side. So this was coming mostly not from the design team, but from the construction team.

One of the biggest issues when you are designing something in electrical is that you have two pieces of equipment. It can be a distribution board, or it can be just lighting fixtures, and you want to connect these two with a cable. But to better produce a good design, you have to understand the length of this cable, because you have to size the cable tray and you have to size the cable to reach these two elements.

So we have a model, and we have two points in the model. So we have the starting point is the panel. And we have the final point. It can be and other panel and can be lighting fixtures, or it can be whatever it is.

And we already have a network of cable trays. And we have to use the cable trays. We can just run around or connect these two points with a straight line, because the length of the cable will not be the exact length of the cable. So we need to find the exact length of the cable to be able to size the cable trays and the cable itself.

So here, I'm using a little bit of math. And I'm using the network and graph criteria. So if you look at this graph, you have points, you have connections, and you can find the shortest path between two points, which is exactly what we want to do. We have a panel, we have lighting fixtures, we have a network of connection of cable trays. And we want to go from the first point to the second point with the less amount of cable, because of course we do care about the cable prices and we want to spend less.

So let's [INAUDIBLE] to use this. And to solve, you can just Google it. This is the mathematical guy who is dealing with this and found the right algorithm. There are many algorithms for the shortest path. But this is just one of them, and it is easy to implement.

So the basic idea is, in this small GIF, I have a point, I have a couple of nodes, connections, and then I have the [? wait ?] to go to the next connection. And I'm just trying to minimize this [? wait ?] in order to start from the first point and reach the second point. So in the electrical, we don't need this [? wait. ?] Our [? wait ?] is the length of the cable tray. So we want to use the shortest amount of cable tray to reach the end position, starting from a start position.

And this is the demonstration. So this is the network of cable trays. Of course, you have to model in a proper way. So everything should be connected.

Otherwise, if you have a disconnection, you cannot reach the other point. And you have a starting point, and you can have multiple points. So this is just a specific connection that we can use to keep the visibility of this connection between the main root of the cable tray and the secondary routes.

But still, they are connected logically. So its just a simple family that is provided. You can find it in [INAUDIBLE] in BIM objects, these kind of families.

So it's pretty simple. We have a start element. So select the first panel.

And then we have an end element, which is this panel. And then something is happening here You will see it later.

And it's just running. And boom, you have the shortest path. So it's trying to find the closest cable tray.

And then from that cable tray, the one connected and go on. So if you have more than one connection, it's just going through the easiest path to reach the other point. So this is not the only way to reach that panel, but it is the shortest one.

So the algorithm is trying to pursue all the streets, all the ways to reach that panel. And then based on the length of the cable trays, it's choosing the shortest one. And you can see it's pretty fast, and even running around the huge project. Because this algorithm is very sophisticated, it's very, very, very fast. And you can run it in couple of seconds, even in a huge building.

So here, again, it's finding the closest element. So I'm trying to find the closest cable tray. And then starting from that cable trays, I'm just trying to find the next one. And the next one is the one connected to this cable tray by a fitting or by a T connection, or by whatever it is.

And then once I am in the connection, I have ways in front of me, and I'm just trying to find the best way to go more and find the next piece of cable trays. And it's running these recursively.

And so you can try all the ways, and then find the right one to connect the two elements. Then you have the right length to connect two points. And then you have the right length of the cable that you can use to size the cable tray and whatever you have.

So going a little bit further, I'm not going deeper here. You can just explore the code if you are able to. Or I suggest you start to understand how Python is working and how you can leverage out-of-the-box tools in Revit.

And this is what it looks like in Revit, in Dynamo. And this is pretty amazing because you can say, OK, I want to connect this panel to this, this, and this and this and this elements. And you can just provide a list with the next cell saying, those elements are connected to this panel.

So please find the right connection for each element to this panel. And then right inside each element, the ID of the panel so I will know that all these elements are connected to that panel. And yeah, you can also use colors, for example, let's say to visualize the shortest path.

And the most important here is that you have to build a good library to model in a proper way the system. Because sometimes, we are just rushing during the modeling, and the models are not consistent and everything is disconnected. So you have to model in a proper way.

Otherwise, you won't be able to use this. So we would just stop at the first disconnection in the model. So we have a couple of tools to QA the model, and understand if there are these connections along the path so we can immediately understand if we have to fix it.

So this is the code. I just copy, paste this code from Google. So you can find these codes, whatever you want, on internet for Python, C#, C++, or whatever language you are using. And Dynamo is running on top of Python.

So I just said I want Dijkstra algorithm in Python, and then I just copy and paste it into Dynamo. I don't want to reinvent the wheel. I'm not able to reinvent the wheel.

Well, so what is next now? So these are simple tools that can speed up your processes during the day-by-day activities. But what you are trying to do-- so let me show you something that we are proud of at the end. What we are trying to do is to connect not only the design team, but the construction team and the manufacturer as well. So we try to connect a couple of softwares, starting from Inventor, and going to Dynamo and going to Civil 3D and going to Revit, just to put together the people in the same room.

So we call this the ring. And it's not the movie, actually. But it's a fully-parametrical element in Revit.

But it's not modeled in Revit, but is modeled in Inventor. So what it's able to do-- this is inside Inventor. So we have a fully parametric model.

The ring is made by segments. And there are really many, many different [? futures ?] that you can apply to the concrete precast segment. And we built a small interface for the user without any kind of code, because this is just out of the box in Inventor. You can use iLogic in Inventor to create your model, and then just expose parameters with a nice interface. So the engineer can go there and change parameters and create segments.

So we used also a couple of images to understand, a couple of elements to understand, the [? futures ?] that you are changing. So it's just a fully parametric. You can say, OK, I want the ring.

This ring as the seven segments, four connectors. The size of the segment is one meter, two meters, and blah blah blah. We have this kind of gaskets and so on.

So then we can publish these to Configurator 360, because we don't want everybody to go there and change parameters. So we don't want anybody to touch the model that we are using as a base for everything. So we just expose to all the engineers this interface. It's just out-of-the-box Configurator 360.

I know it's for mechanical people. We don't like mechanical people. But this is just a connection point between us and the mechanical guys. So it's pretty easy. They can just, again, change the same information with a web browser in the company.

So you maintain the knowledge inside the company. You can even expose this to your customers, and then just let them modify it. And then you can straightaway download a drawing or download a 3D model of the ring once it's finished. And the nice thing is that, once you have this model at the end, you can use it in Revit, for example.

So you can download an SAT file from Configurator 360, which is your exact ring, and is the exact ring that you will use in your project. And then with a some information, again, I'm saying I have seven segments in the ring. I have four connectors for each segment. This is just for civil people. And the most important is this rotate-- I cannot see it here.

But to verify that your tunnel is correct, you have to verify the minimal radius in the curvature. So based on the regulation and speed along the tunnel, you need to provide a curve of 300 meters of radius or 200 meters. It depends on the velocity during the alignment. So the only way we do care during the design phase is to prove that this tunnel can rotate 300 meters in a curve, using all the possible connections.

So this is the element coming directly from the SAT. The good thing is that Dynamo deals really well with SAT. So you don't lose any kind of detail on the element. So it's perfect.

Like you have it in Inventor, you can have it straightaway in Dynamo. And if you add it in Dynamo, you can do many things. Remember that the matrix with the possible rotation. So it's just the mathematics, and Dynamo is perfect to do calculations.

So those are all the possible rotations of the rings and the matrix of attachment of all the rings. And this is the main ring. And the good thing is that each one of these is a single piece. So you can apply construction phases as well to this ring.

And each one of these is a regular family in Revit. So it's not just a solid. It is a family in Revit. Of course you cannot modify this one. You have to go back to the SAT to modify. But it's a fully-detailed element, just like in Inventor, and it's pretty fast.

It's not so big. The file is just 500 kilobytes. And you can use thousands of these in a model because you have thousands of these in a model of 20 kilometers.

So the next step is to use this family. I'm just changing the key color of the key segment, because it is important that you can visualize the key segment in a ring because that one is driving the rotation in the ring. So I'm just changing the material and providing different material to the key segments.

And after this, I don't want to go further. I want [INAUDIBLE] to see it until the end, because this is just real-time from when you provide the model from Inventor and when you provide the final model in Revit, which right now, or in the previous workflow, were in Rhinoceros. So exporting a file from Inventor, import into Rhinoceros, and then try to build up using even Grasshoppers to do it.

And at the end, you have to produce sheets about this. So you need something in Revit from the beginning. And after this one, this is the final ring. It's just rotating.

And then you have a couple of rules to create this segment. So you can see that you have just one parameter to give the opportunity to rotate along the axis of the alignment. And we also need to visualize the real axis. So the x pointing to the key segment, the y and the z pointing along the alignment of the tunnel.

So at the end, this is the alignment, the final segment, into a project. It's pretty easy. As you can see, it's fully detailed. But it's pretty easy to manage it in a project.

And then the last script is just mounting together a curve and calculate the length of this curve, and prove that the length of this arc is exactly more or less the minimum curvature that you provide as a designer. So it's pretty simple. You just run the script. So it's mounting this segment one to each other, and trying t rotate them to find the right position for these segments.

So this is the base segment. You can automate the creation of all the typical rotations. So this is the segment number 0.

And then you have the position number 7, which is a 77.14. It's just the calculation. It's really easy.

And then you have a simple model. So it's everything done in a couple of seconds. And you can see that the connectors-- this is real life.

So the connectors are not exactly touching one to each other. You have a tolerance, and you have to prove that this tolerance between each segment is less than the requirements. So this is exactly how it looks like in real life. This tunnel exact is not based on a real alignment, but is just a theoretical curve, which is the proof that the client wants that your ring is the exact ring that we can build, and we can start the production.

So you will see here, the tunnel, and this is real life, is not exactly straight. The tunnel is just, like, up and down, up and down, up and down in the short length, just because if you think about the complexity of the shape-- and by the way the curve should be 240, and it's 243, which is perfect. When you rotate a cone, you have complex behaviors.

So the TBM, when it's excavating, is just every time a ring is placed, the TBM is going on using the ring like this. So every time, it's adjusting the next string based on the previous one. So it's placing, again, the ring with a certain rotation. And then it's again going forward to the next ring.

So at the end, you cannot have a smooth path. You just always have some small adjustment. And with this model, we have to prove that these small adjustments are just less than the tolerance.

So what's the lesson learned? Dynamo is always the best solution to deal with complex shapes, of course. And my advice for the people starting to use Dynamo, or starting to approach to computational design, is not focus only on the shapes. Focus on the data, and try to do something that is bigger than your expectation.

So start to learn Python. Start to learn something that can help you to automate things. I know it's not for architects, it's not for engineers, common to learn a programming language. But we are in the 2.0 construction now. Or probably 3.0. I don't know. I don't care.

But this is something marketing, I don't care. But looking around, I can see now that most of the construction companies are hiring, like, data scientists. They are hiring software developers because we have to deal with complex data, we have to deal with complex things, and we need software developers. So this is actually, in my opinion, the job of the future. So people with an engineering mind, with an engineering knowledge, but [INAUDIBLE].

We don't have to be a software developer. I'm not a software developer. I can just copy and paste, more or less.

But I know some rules that can help me to copy and paste in the right way, and to build something like this. So I can tell you, I'm just programming since-- yeah, probably it's too much now. Anyway, I was able to do something interesting after probably two months just watching around tutorials and just using some small web courses.

And Python is really easy. It's open source, and people are providing a lot of things on Python. So just start to think a little bit out of the box. So start to think to use and start to use Dynamo. And once you reach the step where you cannot find something in Dynamo that is useful for you, just think a little bit more, and start to write your own code.

So from my point of view, the next step is to use, again, some more interesting techniques to optimize the entire alignment of the tunnel using generative design and machine learning. So we can find the alignment, and then try to find the best alignment. And then try to find the best segment that can reduce costs during the construction, because you have probably 20 different possible rotations of the ring.

But if you can just reduce to three, you can just reduce to four, the number of rotations, then you have to produce only four types. And then you have to produces four types of [INAUDIBLE] works. And this will reduce the cost, and your client will be happy for this.

So machine learning is the next step. And you saw it during all the keynotes. So it's just the next new [? world. ?]

So everybody is bored about BIM. So now, everybody is saying machine learning. So you will see, I'm coming to AU since a couple of years. And at the beginning, there were not any kind of lessons about Dynamo. But I can say this year, I'm sure they are more than ready.

So we have probably 70% of classes based on Dynamo. And we will see next year, most of the classes will be based on generative design and will be based on machine learning. So this is the next step, and please stay tuned.

This is the most important part. So then you can go and grab your beer, OK? So I have locked doors, so you have to provide your feedback before going home. And I hope you enjoyed and anytime-- anyway, I provided a handout, which is around 30 pages.

But I'm working on the complete handout, which is around hundreds of pages. And just because I didn't have time to produce hundreds of pages, I want to do it better. And I have all the emails, and I will send you probably in the next week or 10 days.

So you can just download it now, and just start to [INAUDIBLE]. But then you can use the complete one probably in 10 days, OK? So thank you so much and enjoy your beer.

[APPLAUSE]

______
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We use VK to deploy digital advertising on sites supported by VK. Ads are based on both VK data and behavioral data that we collect while you’re on our sites. The data we collect may include pages you’ve visited, trials you’ve initiated, videos you’ve played, purchases you’ve made, and your IP address or device ID. This information may be combined with data that VK has collected from you. We use the data that we provide to VK to better customize your digital advertising experience and present you with more relevant ads. VK Privacy Policy
Adobe Target
We use Adobe Target to test new features on our sites and customize your experience of these features. To do this, we collect behavioral data while you’re on our sites. This data may include pages you’ve visited, trials you’ve initiated, videos you’ve played, purchases you’ve made, your IP address or device ID, your Autodesk ID, and others. You may experience a different version of our sites based on feature testing, or view personalized content based on your visitor attributes. Adobe Target Privacy Policy
Google Analytics (Advertising)
We use Google Analytics (Advertising) to deploy digital advertising on sites supported by Google Analytics (Advertising). Ads are based on both Google Analytics (Advertising) data and behavioral data that we collect while you’re on our sites. The data we collect may include pages you’ve visited, trials you’ve initiated, videos you’ve played, purchases you’ve made, and your IP address or device ID. This information may be combined with data that Google Analytics (Advertising) has collected from you. We use the data that we provide to Google Analytics (Advertising) to better customize your digital advertising experience and present you with more relevant ads. Google Analytics (Advertising) Privacy Policy
Trendkite
We use Trendkite to deploy digital advertising on sites supported by Trendkite. Ads are based on both Trendkite data and behavioral data that we collect while you’re on our sites. The data we collect may include pages you’ve visited, trials you’ve initiated, videos you’ve played, purchases you’ve made, and your IP address or device ID. This information may be combined with data that Trendkite has collected from you. We use the data that we provide to Trendkite to better customize your digital advertising experience and present you with more relevant ads. Trendkite Privacy Policy
Hotjar
We use Hotjar to deploy digital advertising on sites supported by Hotjar. Ads are based on both Hotjar data and behavioral data that we collect while you’re on our sites. The data we collect may include pages you’ve visited, trials you’ve initiated, videos you’ve played, purchases you’ve made, and your IP address or device ID. This information may be combined with data that Hotjar has collected from you. We use the data that we provide to Hotjar to better customize your digital advertising experience and present you with more relevant ads. Hotjar Privacy Policy
6 Sense
We use 6 Sense to deploy digital advertising on sites supported by 6 Sense. Ads are based on both 6 Sense data and behavioral data that we collect while you’re on our sites. The data we collect may include pages you’ve visited, trials you’ve initiated, videos you’ve played, purchases you’ve made, and your IP address or device ID. This information may be combined with data that 6 Sense has collected from you. We use the data that we provide to 6 Sense to better customize your digital advertising experience and present you with more relevant ads. 6 Sense Privacy Policy
Terminus
We use Terminus to deploy digital advertising on sites supported by Terminus. Ads are based on both Terminus data and behavioral data that we collect while you’re on our sites. The data we collect may include pages you’ve visited, trials you’ve initiated, videos you’ve played, purchases you’ve made, and your IP address or device ID. This information may be combined with data that Terminus has collected from you. We use the data that we provide to Terminus to better customize your digital advertising experience and present you with more relevant ads. Terminus Privacy Policy
StackAdapt
We use StackAdapt to deploy digital advertising on sites supported by StackAdapt. Ads are based on both StackAdapt data and behavioral data that we collect while you’re on our sites. The data we collect may include pages you’ve visited, trials you’ve initiated, videos you’ve played, purchases you’ve made, and your IP address or device ID. This information may be combined with data that StackAdapt has collected from you. We use the data that we provide to StackAdapt to better customize your digital advertising experience and present you with more relevant ads. StackAdapt Privacy Policy
The Trade Desk
We use The Trade Desk to deploy digital advertising on sites supported by The Trade Desk. Ads are based on both The Trade Desk data and behavioral data that we collect while you’re on our sites. The data we collect may include pages you’ve visited, trials you’ve initiated, videos you’ve played, purchases you’ve made, and your IP address or device ID. This information may be combined with data that The Trade Desk has collected from you. We use the data that we provide to The Trade Desk to better customize your digital advertising experience and present you with more relevant ads. The Trade Desk Privacy Policy
RollWorks
We use RollWorks to deploy digital advertising on sites supported by RollWorks. Ads are based on both RollWorks data and behavioral data that we collect while you’re on our sites. The data we collect may include pages you’ve visited, trials you’ve initiated, videos you’ve played, purchases you’ve made, and your IP address or device ID. This information may be combined with data that RollWorks has collected from you. We use the data that we provide to RollWorks to better customize your digital advertising experience and present you with more relevant ads. RollWorks Privacy Policy

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We care about your privacy. The data we collect helps us understand how you use our products, what information you might be interested in, and what we can improve to make your engagement with Autodesk more rewarding.

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